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Biological exponential growth is the unrestricted growth of a population of organisms, occurring when resources in its habitat are unlimited. Most commonly apparent in species that reproduce quickly and asexually, like bacteria, exponential growth is intuitive from the fact that each organism can divide and produce two copies of itself. Each descendent bacterium can itself divide, again doubling the population size. The bacterium Escherichia coli, under optimal conditions, may divide as often as twice per hour. Left unrestricted, a colony would cover the Earth's surface in less than a day.

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  • نمو أسي أحيائي (ar)
  • Biological exponential growth (en)
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  • النمو الأسّي الأحيائي هو النمو الأسّي للكائنات الأحيائية. عندما تكون وفرة الموارد لا حدود لها في الموطن، فهذا يؤدي إلى نمو التجمع السكاني للـمتعضية التي تعيش في الموطن بطريقة أسّية أو هندسية. ومعلوم أن وفرة المصادر من الاحتياجات الضرورية لنمو السكان. وفي الحالات المثالية، عندما تكون المصادر غير محدودة فبمقدور كل نوع أن يحقق أقصى جهده الفطري في زيادة عدده، وهذا هو ما لاحظه تشارلز داروين عند وضعه لنظرية الاصطفاء الطبيعي. إذا ما افترضنا أن عدد السكان هو ن وأن معدل المواليد (للفرد الواحد) هو ب وأن معدل الوفيات (لفرد الواحد) هو د فإن الزيادة أو الانخفاض في ن أثناء فترة ز هي: (ar)
  • Biological exponential growth is the unrestricted growth of a population of organisms, occurring when resources in its habitat are unlimited. Most commonly apparent in species that reproduce quickly and asexually, like bacteria, exponential growth is intuitive from the fact that each organism can divide and produce two copies of itself. Each descendent bacterium can itself divide, again doubling the population size. The bacterium Escherichia coli, under optimal conditions, may divide as often as twice per hour. Left unrestricted, a colony would cover the Earth's surface in less than a day. (en)
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  • النمو الأسّي الأحيائي هو النمو الأسّي للكائنات الأحيائية. عندما تكون وفرة الموارد لا حدود لها في الموطن، فهذا يؤدي إلى نمو التجمع السكاني للـمتعضية التي تعيش في الموطن بطريقة أسّية أو هندسية. ومعلوم أن وفرة المصادر من الاحتياجات الضرورية لنمو السكان. وفي الحالات المثالية، عندما تكون المصادر غير محدودة فبمقدور كل نوع أن يحقق أقصى جهده الفطري في زيادة عدده، وهذا هو ما لاحظه تشارلز داروين عند وضعه لنظرية الاصطفاء الطبيعي. إذا ما افترضنا أن عدد السكان هو ن وأن معدل المواليد (للفرد الواحد) هو ب وأن معدل الوفيات (لفرد الواحد) هو د فإن الزيادة أو الانخفاض في ن أثناء فترة ز هي: (ب-د) تسمى «المعدل الداخلي للزيادة الطبيعية» وهو مؤشر مهم جدًا لتقييم آثار أي عامل أحيائي أو لا أحيائي على نمو السكان. وأي نوع ينمو بطريقة أسية في ظل ظروف من الموارد غير المحدودة قد يصل إلى كثافات سكانية هائلة في فترة زمنية وجيزة. وأوضح داروين كيف أن حيوانًا بطيء النمو مثل الفيل قد يصل إلى أعداد سكانية مهولة إذا توفرت له موارد غير محدودة في موطنه. إذا كانت الولادة تحتاج إلى أبوين فمن السهل حساب عدد السكان باستخدام الدالة التربيعية. (ar)
  • Biological exponential growth is the unrestricted growth of a population of organisms, occurring when resources in its habitat are unlimited. Most commonly apparent in species that reproduce quickly and asexually, like bacteria, exponential growth is intuitive from the fact that each organism can divide and produce two copies of itself. Each descendent bacterium can itself divide, again doubling the population size. The bacterium Escherichia coli, under optimal conditions, may divide as often as twice per hour. Left unrestricted, a colony would cover the Earth's surface in less than a day. If, in a hypothetical population of size N, the birth rates (per capita) are represented as b and death rates (per capita) as d, then the increase or decrease in N during a time period t will be (b-d) is called the 'intrinsic rate of natural increase' and is a very important parameter chosen for assessing the impacts of any biotic or abiotic factor on population growth. Resource availability is essential for the unimpeded growth of a population. Ideally, when resources in the habitat are unlimited, each species can fully realize its innate potential to grow in number, as Charles Darwin observed while developing his theory of natural selection. Any species growing exponentially under unlimited resource conditions can reach enormous population densities in a short time. Darwin showed how even a slow-growing animal like the elephant could theoretically reach an enormous population if there were unlimited resources for its growth in its habitat. This is unrealistic in almost all situations (with exceptions, such as a laboratory); there is simply a finite quantity of everything necessary for life, and individuals in a population will compete with their own or other species for these finite resources. As the population approaches its carrying capacity, the rate of growth decreases, and the population trend will become logistic. Once the carrying capacity, or K, is incorporated to account for the finite resources that a population will be competing for within an environment, the aforementioned equation becomes the following: A graph of this equation creates an S-shaped curve, which demonstrates how initial population growth is exponential due to the abundance of resources and lack of competition. As resources become more limited, the growth rate tapers off, and eventually, once growth rates are at the carrying capacity of the environment, the population size will taper off. This S-shaped curve observed in logistic growth is a more accurate model than exponential growth for observing real-life population growth of organisms. (en)
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