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Donald J. Hughes (April 2, 1915 – April 12, 1960) was an American nuclear physicist, chiefly notable as one of the signers off the Franck Report in June, 1945, recommending that the United States not use the atomic bomb as a weapon to prompt the surrender of Japan in World War II. He wrote a popular science book, The Neutron Story, published 1959. Other works:Pile Neutron Research (1953)Neutron Optics (1954)Neutron Cross Sections (1957)On Nuclear Energy (1957)Neutron Cross Sections (A compilation which the Government Printing Office published for the second Geneva conference.)

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  • دونالد جاي هيوز (ar)
  • Donald J. Hughes (de)
  • Donald J. Hughes (en)
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  • دونالد جاي هيوز (بالإنجليزية: Donald J. Hughes)‏ هو فيزيائي أمريكي، ولد في 1915 في شيكاغو في الولايات المتحدة، وتوفي في 1960. (ar)
  • Donald James Hughes (* 2. April 1915 in Chicago, Illinois; † 12. April 1960 in Brookhaven, New York) war ein US-amerikanischer Physiker. Hughes wurde 1940 an der University of Chicago in Physik promoviert. Damals befasste er sich mit kosmischer Strahlung und nahm zu diesem Zweck 1941 an einer Anden-Expedition teil. Danach war er Physiker am Naval Ordnance Laboratory der US Navy, bevor er 1943 am Manhattan-Projekt in Chicago teilnahm. Gegen Ende des Krieges war er der Leiter der Kernphysik am Argonne National Laboratory, an dem er eine Gruppe leitete, die die Wechselwirkung Nach dem Krieg war er am Brookhaven National Laboratory und befasste sich weiter mit Neutronenphysik. Die von ihm gesammelten Daten über Neutronen-Wirkungsquerschnitte wurden in einem Report gesammelt, dessen Veröffentli (de)
  • Donald J. Hughes (April 2, 1915 – April 12, 1960) was an American nuclear physicist, chiefly notable as one of the signers off the Franck Report in June, 1945, recommending that the United States not use the atomic bomb as a weapon to prompt the surrender of Japan in World War II. He wrote a popular science book, The Neutron Story, published 1959. Other works:Pile Neutron Research (1953)Neutron Optics (1954)Neutron Cross Sections (1957)On Nuclear Energy (1957)Neutron Cross Sections (A compilation which the Government Printing Office published for the second Geneva conference.) (en)
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  • دونالد جاي هيوز (بالإنجليزية: Donald J. Hughes)‏ هو فيزيائي أمريكي، ولد في 1915 في شيكاغو في الولايات المتحدة، وتوفي في 1960. (ar)
  • Donald James Hughes (* 2. April 1915 in Chicago, Illinois; † 12. April 1960 in Brookhaven, New York) war ein US-amerikanischer Physiker. Hughes wurde 1940 an der University of Chicago in Physik promoviert. Damals befasste er sich mit kosmischer Strahlung und nahm zu diesem Zweck 1941 an einer Anden-Expedition teil. Danach war er Physiker am Naval Ordnance Laboratory der US Navy, bevor er 1943 am Manhattan-Projekt in Chicago teilnahm. Gegen Ende des Krieges war er der Leiter der Kernphysik am Argonne National Laboratory, an dem er eine Gruppe leitete, die die Wechselwirkung Nach dem Krieg war er am Brookhaven National Laboratory und befasste sich weiter mit Neutronenphysik. Die von ihm gesammelten Daten über Neutronen-Wirkungsquerschnitte wurden in einem Report gesammelt, dessen Veröffentlichung ein wichtiger Teil des internationalen Informationsaustauschs bei der Atomic Peace Conference in Genf 1955. Er knüpfte internationale Verbindungen zu sowjetischen Wissenschaftlern und hielt Vorlesungen im Auftrag des US Information Service in Dänemark, England, Deutschland, den Niederlanden und Finnland. 1953/54 war er Fulbright Gastprofessor in Oxford. Er war 1945 Mitglied eines Komitees unter James Franck, das im Auftrag von Arthur Holly Compton Empfehlungen über die Verwendung der Atombombe ausarbeiten sollte. Der Franck-Report sprach sich gegen einen Einsatz auf Städte in Japan aus und für eine Demonstration, was aber von der US-Regierung nicht befolgt wurde. Er war 1955/56 Präsident der Federation of Atomic Scientists. (de)
  • Donald J. Hughes (April 2, 1915 – April 12, 1960) was an American nuclear physicist, chiefly notable as one of the signers off the Franck Report in June, 1945, recommending that the United States not use the atomic bomb as a weapon to prompt the surrender of Japan in World War II. Before the war Hughes worked at the Naval Ordnance Laboratory. By June 1945, the U.S. was deciding whether to use an atomic bomb against Japan, and a very few nuclear scientists knew about the weapon's potential. Some, including Hughes, were wary, and wanted to urge the President of the United States to choose a different option. Arthur Compton appointed a committee to meet in secret, in all-night sessions in a highly secure environment. This committee included Hughes, and was chaired by James Franck. The final report, largely written by committee-member Eugene Rabinowitch, recommended that the nuclear bomb not be used, and proposed that either a demonstration of the "new weapon" be made before the eyes of representatives of all of the United Nations, on a barren island or desert, or to try to keep the existence of the nuclear bomb secret for as long as possible. The advice of the "Franck Report" was not followed, however, and the U.S. dropped nuclear weapons on Hiroshima and Nagasaki. After the war Hughes went to Brookhaven National Laboratory and formed a group of physicists working on contemporary problems in nuclear science. His work centered on the neutron. Many of his publications were translated into Russian; more copies of his work were printed in the USSR than in the USA. He also spent one year at Oxford teaching. He wrote a popular science book, The Neutron Story, published 1959. Other works:Pile Neutron Research (1953)Neutron Optics (1954)Neutron Cross Sections (1957)On Nuclear Energy (1957)Neutron Cross Sections (A compilation which the Government Printing Office published for the second Geneva conference.) Hughes died suddenly of a heart attack in 1960. (en)
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