The La Herradura Naval Disaster took place on October 19, 1562 in the bay of La Herradura, Almuñécar, Spain. A major storm sank 25 ships out of a fleet of 28 sheltering in the bay, and some 5,000 people were drowned. King Philip II of Spain had gathered a fleet in Málaga to relieve Spanish-held Oran, which was under siege by the Ottoman Empire. On October 18, 28 galleys, loaded with supplies, soldiers and their families, set sail under the command of , Captain General of the Galleys of Spain. — Don Quixote, chapter 31, part 2
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| - Desastre naval de La Herradura (es)
- Naufragio de La Herradura (it)
- La Herradura naval disaster (en)
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| - El desastre de La Herradura fue un naufragio múltiple que tuvo lugar el 19 de octubre de 1562. Durante el mismo se hundieron veinticinco naves y murieron cerca de 5000 personas. Tuvo lugar en la bahía de La Herradura, actual provincia de Granada, al buscar refugio la armada comandada por el capitán general de las galeras de España, Juan de Mendoza y Carrillo. Las pérdidas materiales y humanas se llegaron a equiparar a las padecidas en la Batalla de Los Gelves de 1560. (es)
- The La Herradura Naval Disaster took place on October 19, 1562 in the bay of La Herradura, Almuñécar, Spain. A major storm sank 25 ships out of a fleet of 28 sheltering in the bay, and some 5,000 people were drowned. King Philip II of Spain had gathered a fleet in Málaga to relieve Spanish-held Oran, which was under siege by the Ottoman Empire. On October 18, 28 galleys, loaded with supplies, soldiers and their families, set sail under the command of , Captain General of the Galleys of Spain. — Don Quixote, chapter 31, part 2 (en)
- Il naufragio de La Herradura è stato un disastro navale avvenuto il 19 ottobre 1562 nella baia di , in Spagna. Venticinque navi affondarono in una tempesta; nel disastro persero la vita 5000 persone. La flotta guidata da Juan Hurtado de Mendoza, capitano generale delle galee della Spagna e diretta a Orano e Mezalquiver, che erano minacciate dai mori, si fermò nei pressi del porto della Herradura, vicino a Malaga. Si tratta di una baia a forma di ferro di cavallo, con un'apertura verso sud-ovest. La mattina del 19 ottobre 1562 un'inaspettata tempesta proveniente da sud travolse la flotta spagnola. Le navi rimasero intrappolate nella baia e si schiantarono sugli scogli. Venticinque delle 28 galee affondarono e tra 3000 e 5000 persone morirono. Anche il capitano generale, Juan de Mendoza, ann (it)
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| - El desastre de La Herradura fue un naufragio múltiple que tuvo lugar el 19 de octubre de 1562. Durante el mismo se hundieron veinticinco naves y murieron cerca de 5000 personas. Tuvo lugar en la bahía de La Herradura, actual provincia de Granada, al buscar refugio la armada comandada por el capitán general de las galeras de España, Juan de Mendoza y Carrillo. Las pérdidas materiales y humanas se llegaron a equiparar a las padecidas en la Batalla de Los Gelves de 1560. (es)
- The La Herradura Naval Disaster took place on October 19, 1562 in the bay of La Herradura, Almuñécar, Spain. A major storm sank 25 ships out of a fleet of 28 sheltering in the bay, and some 5,000 people were drowned. King Philip II of Spain had gathered a fleet in Málaga to relieve Spanish-held Oran, which was under siege by the Ottoman Empire. On October 18, 28 galleys, loaded with supplies, soldiers and their families, set sail under the command of , Captain General of the Galleys of Spain. A strong easterly storm blew up, so Mendoza took shelter in La Herradura Bay. This is a horseshoe-shaped bay, opening towards the south-west, and he had safely anchored there several times before in similar conditions. However, on the morning of October 19 the wind direction unexpectedly changed to blow from the south and the storm turned into a cyclone. Despite efforts to beach the ships, high winds and waves threw them onto each other and the rocks of the Punta de la Mona headland. Of the 28 galleys, 25 sank and between 3,000 and 5,000 people died. The surviving ships were La Soberana, Mendoza and San Juan on the seaward side of the fleet that were blown eastward around Punta de la Mona into more sheltered waters. Some 2,000 people rescued themselves by swimming ashore. Many of them were naked galley slaves who were unburdened by the boots, clothing and armour of the sailors and soldiers but who then survived harsh months of winter weather and starvation before being recaptured. This was a further blow for the Spanish Navy, which had just suffered a defeat in the Battle of Djerba. Nevertheless, Oran and Mers El Kébir were successfully defended against the Ottomans. In 1604, author Miguel de Cervantes – who himself fought aboard galleys in the Battle of Lepanto – referred to the event in his book Don Quixote: [...] who was the daughter of Don Alonso de Marañón, knight of the habit of Santiago who was drowned in La Herradura [...] — Don Quixote, chapter 31, part 2 A plaque with this quote can be found near the town's Saint Joseph’s church. A monument on La Herradura’s seafront commemorates the tragedy. Erected in 1990, it is by Granada-based sculptor Miguel Moreno. (en)
- Il naufragio de La Herradura è stato un disastro navale avvenuto il 19 ottobre 1562 nella baia di , in Spagna. Venticinque navi affondarono in una tempesta; nel disastro persero la vita 5000 persone. La flotta guidata da Juan Hurtado de Mendoza, capitano generale delle galee della Spagna e diretta a Orano e Mezalquiver, che erano minacciate dai mori, si fermò nei pressi del porto della Herradura, vicino a Malaga. Si tratta di una baia a forma di ferro di cavallo, con un'apertura verso sud-ovest. La mattina del 19 ottobre 1562 un'inaspettata tempesta proveniente da sud travolse la flotta spagnola. Le navi rimasero intrappolate nella baia e si schiantarono sugli scogli. Venticinque delle 28 galee affondarono e tra 3000 e 5000 persone morirono. Anche il capitano generale, Juan de Mendoza, annegò durante la tempesta. Le navi superstiti furono La Soberana, Mendoza e San Juan. Circa 2000 persone si salvarono a nuoto verso la costa; molti di loro erano galeotti. Fu un grande disastro per la Marina spagnola, che aveva appena subito una terribile sconfitta nella battaglia di Gerba. Nonostante tutto, Orano e Mezalquiver furono difese con successo. Oggi un monumento a La Herradura ricorda la tragedia. (it)
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