About: Optometer (ophthalmic instrument)     Goto   Sponge   NotDistinct   Permalink

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The optometer was a device used for measuring the necessary spherical and/or cylindrical corrections to be prescribed for eyeglasses, from the middle of the 18th century until around 1922, when modern instruments were developed. The term, coined in 1738 by W. Porterfield to describe his Scheiner slit optometer, and used for 200 years to describe many different inventions to measure refractive error of the eye, has completely fallen out of usage today as the task of measuring eyes for spectacles is done with modern instruments, such as the phoropter.

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  • Optometer (de)
  • Optometer (ophthalmic instrument) (en)
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  • Als Optometer bezeichnet man in der Medizin ein Gerät, mit dem die Brechkraft der Augen und ihre Sehweite bestimmt wurde. Als Grundlage dienen dabei der Fern- und der Nahpunkt, also die Entfernung eines Gegenstands, bei der er jeweils gerade noch scharf gesehen wird (siehe auch: Akkommodation). Der Fernpunkt liegt beim Normalsichtigen im Unendlichen. Durch den ergänzenden Einsatz von in den Strahlengang gesetzten Linsen kann er in eine endliche Entfernung gerückt und damit ein messbares Ergebnis erzielt werden. (de)
  • The optometer was a device used for measuring the necessary spherical and/or cylindrical corrections to be prescribed for eyeglasses, from the middle of the 18th century until around 1922, when modern instruments were developed. The term, coined in 1738 by W. Porterfield to describe his Scheiner slit optometer, and used for 200 years to describe many different inventions to measure refractive error of the eye, has completely fallen out of usage today as the task of measuring eyes for spectacles is done with modern instruments, such as the phoropter. (en)
foaf:depiction
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Bertelings_Compound_Optometer_of_1885,_back_view.jpg
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Bertelings_Compound_Optometer_of_1885,_front_view.jpg
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/DeZeng's_Phoro-Optometer_of_1917.jpg
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/DeZeng's_Phoro-Optometer_of_1917_with_wall_mount.jpg
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/DeZeng's_Phorometer_Trial_Frame_of_1917.jpg
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Greens'_refractor_001.jpg
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Johnston_Optometer.jpg
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Johnston_Optometer_patent.png
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Optometer,_18th_century_style.jpg
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Optometerdavidson1880'sUK.png
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  • Als Optometer bezeichnet man in der Medizin ein Gerät, mit dem die Brechkraft der Augen und ihre Sehweite bestimmt wurde. Als Grundlage dienen dabei der Fern- und der Nahpunkt, also die Entfernung eines Gegenstands, bei der er jeweils gerade noch scharf gesehen wird (siehe auch: Akkommodation). Der Fernpunkt liegt beim Normalsichtigen im Unendlichen. Durch den ergänzenden Einsatz von in den Strahlengang gesetzten Linsen kann er in eine endliche Entfernung gerückt und damit ein messbares Ergebnis erzielt werden. Es wurden verschiedene Arten von Optometern entwickelt, dazu zählen die nach Christoph Scheiner (Scheinersches Optometer), nach Thomas Young, nach Simon Stampfer und nach Franciscus Cornelis Donders sowie das Farbenoptometer. (de)
  • The optometer was a device used for measuring the necessary spherical and/or cylindrical corrections to be prescribed for eyeglasses, from the middle of the 18th century until around 1922, when modern instruments were developed. The term, coined in 1738 by W. Porterfield to describe his Scheiner slit optometer, and used for 200 years to describe many different inventions to measure refractive error of the eye, has completely fallen out of usage today as the task of measuring eyes for spectacles is done with modern instruments, such as the phoropter. "Phoropter" is one of several generic names for modern instruments containing an optometer for each eye (battery of lenses for determination of optical error), combined with prisms and other attachments for measuring binocularity. The term refractor is another such term, and "vision tester" or other descriptive terms are used because "phoroptor", spelled with "-or", is a trademark of one company. (en)
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