The 1906 VFL season was the tenth season of the Victorian Football League (VFL), the highest level senior Australian rules football competition in Victoria. The season featured eight clubs, ran from 5 May until 22 September, and comprised a 17-game home-and-away season followed by a finals series featuring the top four clubs. The premiership was won by the Carlton Football Club for the first time, after it defeated Fitzroy by 49 points in the 1906 VFL Grand Final.