The 1923 VFL season was the 27th season of the Victorian Football League (VFL), the highest level senior Australian rules football competition in Victoria. The season featured nine clubs, ran from 5 May until 20 October, and comprised a 16-game home-and-away season followed by a finals series featuring the top four clubs. The premiership was won by the Essendon Football Club for the fifth time, after it defeated Fitzroy by 17 points in the 1923 VFL Grand Final.