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An abuse of process is the unjustified or unreasonable use of legal proceedings or process to further a cause of action by an applicant or plaintiff in an action. It is a claim made by the respondent or defendant that the other party is misusing or perverting regularly issued court process (civil or criminal) not justified by the underlying legal action. In common law it is classified as a tort distinct from the intentional tort of malicious prosecution. It is a tort that involves misuse of the public right of access to the courts. In the United States it may be described as a legal process being commenced to gain an unfair litigation advantage.

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  • Abuse of process (en)
  • Procédure abusive (fr)
  • 절차악용 (ko)
  • Nadużycie prawa podmiotowego (pl)
  • Abuso processual (pt)
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  • Une procédure abusive, en droit civil, est le fait d'engager ou de poursuivre une action en justice injustifiée. Le droit d'agir en justice est un principe fondamental, mais l'abus de ce droit peut être sanctionné. Dans bien des cas, la procédure abusive est sanctionnée dans les règles de procédure civile sur l'abus du droit d'ester en justice. (fr)
  • 절차악용(節次惡用, Abuse of process)는 영미법 불법행위 중 하나로 의도적 불법행위이다. 내면의 목적으로 사법 절차를 오용하여 악의를 가지고 불법적인 방식으로 피해자에게 피해를 주는 행위로 손해배상 책임을 가해자는 지게 된다. (ko)
  • Abuso processual consiste na adoção de práticas lesivas de uma parte a outra durante os atos de um processo. (pt)
  • An abuse of process is the unjustified or unreasonable use of legal proceedings or process to further a cause of action by an applicant or plaintiff in an action. It is a claim made by the respondent or defendant that the other party is misusing or perverting regularly issued court process (civil or criminal) not justified by the underlying legal action. In common law it is classified as a tort distinct from the intentional tort of malicious prosecution. It is a tort that involves misuse of the public right of access to the courts. In the United States it may be described as a legal process being commenced to gain an unfair litigation advantage. (en)
  • Nadużycie prawa podmiotowego – wykonywanie własnego prawa w sposób sprzeczny z jego społeczno-gospodarczym przeznaczeniem lub z zasadami współżycia społecznego. Takie działanie lub zaniechanie uprawnionego nie jest uważane za wykonywanie prawa i nie korzysta z ochrony prawnej. (pl)
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  • An abuse of process is the unjustified or unreasonable use of legal proceedings or process to further a cause of action by an applicant or plaintiff in an action. It is a claim made by the respondent or defendant that the other party is misusing or perverting regularly issued court process (civil or criminal) not justified by the underlying legal action. In common law it is classified as a tort distinct from the intentional tort of malicious prosecution. It is a tort that involves misuse of the public right of access to the courts. In the United States it may be described as a legal process being commenced to gain an unfair litigation advantage. The elements of a valid cause of action for abuse of process in most common law jurisdictions are as follows: (1) the existence of an ulterior purpose or motive underlying the use of process, and (2) some act in the use of the legal process not proper in the regular prosecution of the proceedings. Abuse of process can be distinguished from malicious prosecution, in that abuse of process typically does not require proof of malice, lack of probable cause in procuring issuance of the process, or a termination favorable to the plaintiff, all of which are essential to a claim of malicious prosecution. Typically, the person who abuses process is interested only in accomplishing some improper purpose that is collateral to the proper object of the process and that offends justice, such as an unjustified arrest or an unfounded criminal prosecution. Subpoenas to testify, attachments of property, executions on property, garnishments, and other provisional remedies are among the types of "process" considered to be capable of abuse. (en)
  • Une procédure abusive, en droit civil, est le fait d'engager ou de poursuivre une action en justice injustifiée. Le droit d'agir en justice est un principe fondamental, mais l'abus de ce droit peut être sanctionné. Dans bien des cas, la procédure abusive est sanctionnée dans les règles de procédure civile sur l'abus du droit d'ester en justice. (fr)
  • 절차악용(節次惡用, Abuse of process)는 영미법 불법행위 중 하나로 의도적 불법행위이다. 내면의 목적으로 사법 절차를 오용하여 악의를 가지고 불법적인 방식으로 피해자에게 피해를 주는 행위로 손해배상 책임을 가해자는 지게 된다. (ko)
  • Nadużycie prawa podmiotowego – wykonywanie własnego prawa w sposób sprzeczny z jego społeczno-gospodarczym przeznaczeniem lub z zasadami współżycia społecznego. Takie działanie lub zaniechanie uprawnionego nie jest uważane za wykonywanie prawa i nie korzysta z ochrony prawnej. Nadużycie prawa ma miejsce, gdy osoba uprawniona realizuje swoje uprawnienie w sposób sprzeczny z ogólnie przyjętymi zasadami moralności publicznej, mimo że niewyrażonymi dosłownie w przepisach prawa, to jednak powszechnie akceptowanymi w społeczeństwie. Zakaz nadużycia prawa stanowi jedną z naczelnych zasad prawa cywilnego, rozwiązującą nieuchronny konflikt pomiędzy normami prawa przedmiotowego (pisanego) a normami moralnymi. Nadużywanie własnego prawa stanowi jedynie pozór wykonywania prawa i jest zachowaniem bezprawnym, które nie zasługuje na ochronę prawną. Powołanie się na nadużycie prawa nie może jednak prowadzić ani do zupełnego odjęcia nadużywanego prawa, ani do trwałego pozbawienia możliwości korzystania z niego przez uprawnionego, bowiem oznaczałoby to chaos prawny. W orzecznictwie Sądu Najwyższego ugruntował się pogląd, że okoliczność nadużycia prawa podmiotowego przez drugą stronę może być skutecznie podniesiona przed sądem wyłącznie w ramach obrony (zarzut), nie stanowi natomiast samoistnej podstawy dla konstruowania własnych uprawnień. (pl)
  • Abuso processual consiste na adoção de práticas lesivas de uma parte a outra durante os atos de um processo. (pt)
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