About: Bartolomeo Gosio

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Bartolomeo Gosio (17 March 1863 – 13 April 1944) was an Italian medical scientist. He discovered a toxic fume, eponymously named "Gosio gas", which is produced by microorganisms, that killed many people. He identified the chemical nature of the gas as an arsenic compound (arsine), but incorrectly named it as diethylarsine. He also discovered an antibacterial compound called mycophenolic acid from the mould Penicillium brevicompactum. He demonstrated that the novel compound was effective against the deadly anthrax bacterium, Bacillus anthracis. This was the first antibiotic compound isolated in pure and crystallised form. Though the original compound was abandoned in clinical practice due to its adverse effects, its chemical derivative mycophenolate mofetil became the drug of choice as an i

Attributes	Values
rdf:type	Thing foaf:Person person dul:NaturalPerson Eukaryote Person Human Animal animal eukaryote scientist species schema:Person Scientist
rdfs:label	Bartolomeo Gosio (en) Bartolomeo Gosio (de) Bartolomeo Gosio (it) Госио, Бартоломео (ru) 巴托羅密歐·高西歐 (zh)
rdfs:comment	Bartolomeo Gosio (* 17. März 1863 in Magliano Alfieri, Königreich Italien; † 13. April 1944 in Rom) war ein italienischer Arzt und Mikrobiologe. In einem Schimmelpilz entdeckte er ein Stoffwechselprodukt mit antibiotischen Eigenschaften und stellte es rein dar. Diese Mycophenolsäure war das erste, gut charakterisierte Antibiotikum der Geschichte. Außerdem zeigte er, dass manche Schimmelpilze anorganische Formen des Arsens in ein giftiges, organisches Gas umwandeln können. In der Folge wurden Tapeten, die mit arsenhaltigen Farben bedruckt waren, als Gesundheitsgefahr erkannt. Als Direktor des Wissenschaftlichen Labors des Öffentlichen Gesundheitsdiensts in Rom leistete er ab 1899 wichtige Beiträge zur Malaria-Kontrolle in Italien. (de) Bartolomeo Gosio (Magliano Alfieri, 17 marzo 1863 – Roma, 13 aprile 1944) è stato un medico, microbiologo e biochimico italiano. In una specie di muffa, scoprì un metabolita con delle proprietà antibiotiche, e la purificò. L'acido micofenolico (MPA) è stato il primo antibiotico della storia a essere stato ben caratterizzato. Egli dimostrò anche che alcune muffe possono trasformare forme inorganiche di arsenico in un gas organico tossico (Gas di Gosio). Come risultato, le carte da parati stampate con inchiostri contenenti arsenico sono state riconosciute come un rischio per la salute. Dal 1888 al 1899 fu Direttore del Laboratorio della Sanità Pubblica di Roma, istituito nel 1887 da Francesco Crispi. In questo periodo diede contributi importanti nella lotta contro la malaria in Italia. (it) Бартоломео Госио (итал. Bartolomeo Gosio; 17 марта 1863, Мальяно-Альфьери Италия — 13 апреля 1944, Рим) — итальянский врач, микробиолог. Госио обнаружил в плесени продукт с антибактериальными свойствами и представил его в чистом виде. Эта была первым, хорошо описанным антибиотиком в истории. Он также показал, что некоторые плесневые грибки могут превращать неорганические формы мышьяка в токсичный органический газ. В результате обои, напечатанные мышьяковыми красками, были признаны опасными для здоровья. Как директор научной лаборатории государственной службы здравоохранения в Риме, начиная с 1899 года он внёс важный вклад в борьбу с малярией в Италии. (ru) 巴托羅密歐‧高西歐（義大利語：Bartolomeo Gosio，1863年3月17日－1944年4月13日），義大利醫學家；他發現了導致許多人死亡的「高西歐氣體」是由微生物產生的砷化物。（他誤以為微生物產生的砷化物是二乙基胂，但真正的產物應為砷化氫。）他同時也在短密青黴中發現了抗細菌藥黴酚酸，並證明它對炭疽桿菌（炭疽病的病原）有抑制效果。黴酚酸是第一個純化出來的抗菌化合物，雖然後來因為副作用被揚棄不用，但它的衍生物黴酚酸酯在腎臟、心臟、肝臟移植時是很好的免疫抑制劑。 (zh) Bartolomeo Gosio (17 March 1863 – 13 April 1944) was an Italian medical scientist. He discovered a toxic fume, eponymously named "Gosio gas", which is produced by microorganisms, that killed many people. He identified the chemical nature of the gas as an arsenic compound (arsine), but incorrectly named it as diethylarsine. He also discovered an antibacterial compound called mycophenolic acid from the mould Penicillium brevicompactum. He demonstrated that the novel compound was effective against the deadly anthrax bacterium, Bacillus anthracis. This was the first antibiotic compound isolated in pure and crystallised form. Though the original compound was abandoned in clinical practice due to its adverse effects, its chemical derivative mycophenolate mofetil became the drug of choice as an i (en)
foaf:name	Bartolomeo Gosio (en)
name	Bartolomeo Gosio (en)
foaf:depiction
birth place	Magliano Alfieri Piedmont Kingdom of Italy
death place	Rome
death place	Rome
death date	1944-04-13 (xsd:date)
birth place	Magliano Alfieri Piedmont Kingdom of Italy
birth date	1863-03-17 (xsd:date)
dct:subject	1863 births 1944 deaths University of Turin alumni Sapienza University of Rome alumni 19th-century Italian scientists 20th-century Italian scientists Italian public health doctors
Wikipage page ID	47314697 (xsd:integer)
Wikipage revision ID	1121773606 (xsd:integer)
Link from a Wikipage to another Wikipage	Rome Sapienza University of Rome Nervous system Hoffmann-La Roche Arsenic oxide University of Turin Penicillium brevicompactum Novartis Foundation Max Rubner Fungus dbr:Mycophenolic_acid Antibiotic Magliano Alfieri 1863 births 1944 deaths University of Turin alumni Trimethylarsine Bacillus anthracis Arsenic dbr:Arsine Sapienza University of Rome alumni 19th-century Italian scientists 20th-century Italian scientists Italian public health doctors Piedmont Immunosuppressant Kingdom of Italy Microorganisms Medicine Volatile organic compound Immunosuppressant drug
sameAs	Bartolomeo Gosio Bartolomeo Gosio Bartolomeo Gosio Bartolomeo Gosio Bartolomeo Gosio Bartolomeo Gosio Bartolomeo Gosio Bartolomeo Gosio Bartolomeo Gosio Bartolomeo Gosio Bartolomeo Gosio
workplaces	Istituto Superiore di Sanità (en) Laboratori Scientifici della Direzione di Sanità (en)
dbp:wikiPageUsesTemplate	dbt:Authority_control dbt:Birth_date dbt:Commons_category dbt:Reflist dbt:Death_date_and_age dbt:Infobox_scientist
thumbnail	wiki-commons:Special:FilePath/GosioBartolomeo_Cannes1920.jpg?width=300
alma mater	Sapienza University of Rome University of Turin
birth date	1863-03-17 (xsd:date)

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