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A carbenium ion is a positive ion with the structure RR′R″C+, that is, a chemical species with a trivalent carbon that bears a +1 formal charge. In older literature the name carbonium ion was used for this class, but now it refers exclusively to another family of carbocations, the carbonium ions, where the charged carbon is pentavalent. The current definitions were proposed by the chemist George Andrew Olah in 1972, and are now widely accepted.

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rdf:type
rdfs:label
  • Karbeniový ion (cs)
  • Carbeniumion (de)
  • Carbenium ion (en)
  • Carbénium (fr)
  • Carbeniumion (nl)
  • Carbênium (pt)
  • Карбенієвий іон (uk)
rdfs:comment
  • Karbeniové ionty jsou karbokationty s obecným vzorcem RR′R″C+, obsahují trojvazný uhlík s nábojem +1; tím se liší od karboniových iontů, ve kterých je uhlík naprotonován a je pětivazný. Definici obou těchto pojmů navrhl George Andrew Olah roku 1972. Karbeniové ionty jsou velmi reaktivní, protože nemají plný elektronový oktet, některé, jako je , jsou poměrně stabilní díky delokalizaci kladného náboje. (cs)
  • Un ion carbénium est un carbocation dont l'atome de carbone qui porte la charge électrique est trivalent, ce qui lui donne une configuration plane trigonale résultant d'une hybridation sp2. Outre l'ion méthylium CH3+, on distingue les ions carbénium primaires RCH2+, secondaires R2CH+ et tertiaires R3C+. (fr)
  • Een carbeniumion is een trivalent carbokation van het type R3C+, dat ontstaat wanneer een covalente binding tussen de koolstof en een ander element zodanig gebroken wordt, dat na de binding de bindingselektronen naar het ander element verhuizen. (nl)
  • Um íon carbênium é um íon positivo com a estruture RR′R″C+, que é uma espécie química com um carbono trivalente que possui uma carga elétrica +1. Na literatura mais antiga, o nome íon carbônium foi usado para esta classe, mas agora se refere exclusivamente a outra família de carbocátions, os , onde o carbono carregado é pentavalente. As definições atuais foram propostas pelo químico George Andrew Olah em 1972, e são agora amplamente aceitos. (pt)
  • Als Carbeniumion wird in der Organischen Chemie ein Kohlenwasserstoff-Molekül bezeichnet, das ein positiv geladenes Kohlenstoffatom besitzt. Carbeniumion ist ein Unterbegriff zu Carbokation. Ein Carbeniumion ist ein dreibindiger Kohlenstoff, der ein Elektronensextett und ein freies p-Orbital besitzt. Ein negativ geladenes Kohlenstoffatom als Bestandteil eines organischen Moleküls wird Carbanion genannt. (de)
  • A carbenium ion is a positive ion with the structure RR′R″C+, that is, a chemical species with a trivalent carbon that bears a +1 formal charge. In older literature the name carbonium ion was used for this class, but now it refers exclusively to another family of carbocations, the carbonium ions, where the charged carbon is pentavalent. The current definitions were proposed by the chemist George Andrew Olah in 1972, and are now widely accepted. (en)
  • Карбенієвий іон (рос. карбениевый ион, англ. carbenium ion) — карбокатіон, реальний чи гіпотетичний, що містяиь принаймні один формально трикоординований атом вуглецю (–>C+), який має три sp2-гібридні орбіталі, розташовані в одній площині, і одну ортогональну вакантну р-орбіталь. Пр., пропан-2-ілій (CH3)2CH+, метоксиметилій CH3OCH2+, етилій CH3CH2+ (етил-катіон), тропілієвий іон. Застарілими термінами вважаються carbinyl cation, carbonium ion (IUPAC). Карбенієвий центр — (uk)
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  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Benzenium-3D-balls.png
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Tropylium-ion-3D-balls.png
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