The years 1599–1609 constituted a phase of in the Eighty Years' War (c. 1568–1648) between the Spanish Empire and the emerging Dutch Republic. It followed the Ten Years (1588–1598) that saw significant conquests by the Dutch States Army under the leadership of stadtholders Maurice of Nassau and William Louis of Nassau-Dillenburg, and ended with the conclusion of the Twelve Years' Truce (1609–1621) on 9 April 1609. The 1599–1609 period was generally marked by stalemates, with the well-known Battle of Nieuwpoort (1600) bringing the Dutch a tactical victory without long-term gain, Spanish conquests in the Siege of Ostend (1601–1604) and , somewhat balanced out by the Dutch naval triumph in the Battle of Gibraltar (1607) and the 1607 Spanish state bankruptcy. Financial troubles were amongst th