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| - HPA-23, sometimes known as antimonium tungstate, is an antiretroviral drug that was used for the treatment of HIV infection. It achieved widespread publicity as an effective treatment for HIV and AIDS beginning in 1984, just one year after HIV was first identified. Later testing failed to demonstrate any efficacy and some patients suffered serious side effects from the drug, including liver failure. (en)
- HPA-23, parfois nommé antimonium tungstate, est un médicament anti-rétroviral qui a été utilisé pour le traitement du VIH. À partir de 1984, soit quatre ans après l'identification des premiers cas de VIH, son utilisation en tant que traitement efficace contre le SIDA est largement promue. Mais il est ensuite abandonné car les tests ultérieurs ne démontrent pas son efficacité et certains patients souffrent d'effets secondaires graves, dont une défaillance de la fonction hépatique. (fr)
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| has abstract
| - HPA-23, sometimes known as antimonium tungstate, is an antiretroviral drug that was used for the treatment of HIV infection. It achieved widespread publicity as an effective treatment for HIV and AIDS beginning in 1984, just one year after HIV was first identified. Later testing failed to demonstrate any efficacy and some patients suffered serious side effects from the drug, including liver failure. HPA-23 was developed by Rhône-Poulenc at the Pasteur Institute in the 1970s and used in France on an experimental basis to treat HIV and AIDS patients beginning in 1984. The inventors of the drug, as listed in its patent, were Jean-Claude Chermann, Dominique Dormont, Etienne Vilmer, Bruno Spire, Françoise Barré-Sinoussi, Luc Montagnier, and Willy Rozenbaum. While the drug was not presented as a cure for HIV/AIDS, it was suggested it could arrest replication and spread of the virus. The United States, which had a more stringent drug approval process than France, delayed authorizing use of HPA-23 even for clinical trials, prompting an angry outcry and an exodus of more than 100 American AIDS patients to France to seek treatment, encouraged in part by a French call for American volunteers.Bill Kraus, who received HPA-23 dosages in France as a medical tourist, "pinned his entire hope for survival" on the drug, even to the exclusion of other experimental medications then in development. After actor Rock Hudson received treatment at a Paris hospital with HPA-23, a representative of the National Gay Task Force declared that "something is wrong with the health-care system when a wealthy man and a friend of the President has to go to Europe for treatment". At the same time, however, some within the American scientific community cautioned AIDS sufferers against putting too much hope in HPA-23 and generally supported the Food and Drug Administration's (FDA) conservative approach to certification. William A. Haseltine commented that reports of the drug's success in France were based on "the crummiest kind of anecdotal stories – they don't do the scientifically controlled trials". Physicians at San Francisco General Hospital's AIDS Clinic echoed Haseltine's concerns, noting that French testing of the drug was done without any type of control group and that the drug's high toxicity made it potentially dangerous to patients already suffering serious infections. Public Citizen, which was often critical of FDA decisions, also came out in support of the agency's timeline for certification. In August 1985, under increasing public pressure to fast track approval of the drug, the United States Food and Drug Administration permitted the use of HPA-23 in extremely limited human testing. In the ensuing clinical trials no improvement in the condition of the test subjects was observed, with some even showing increased levels of HIV replication and three patients suffering liver failure triggered by the drug. By 1986, the National Academy of Sciences had concluded that no therapeutic benefits for persons infected with HIV could be attributed to HPA-23. It was subsequently abandoned as a treatment option. (en)
- HPA-23, parfois nommé antimonium tungstate, est un médicament anti-rétroviral qui a été utilisé pour le traitement du VIH. À partir de 1984, soit quatre ans après l'identification des premiers cas de VIH, son utilisation en tant que traitement efficace contre le SIDA est largement promue. Mais il est ensuite abandonné car les tests ultérieurs ne démontrent pas son efficacité et certains patients souffrent d'effets secondaires graves, dont une défaillance de la fonction hépatique. HPA-23 est développé par Rhône-Poulenc à l'institut Pasteur dans les années 1970 et utilisé en France à titre expérimental pour traiter les patients atteints du VIH à partir de 1984. Les inventeurs de cette molécule, tel que listés dans le brevet sont Jean-Claude Chermann, Dominique Dormont, Etienne Vilmer, Bruno Spire, Françoise Barré-Sinoussi, Luc Montagnier, et Willy Rozenbaum. Bien que ce médicament n'ait pas été présenté comme pouvant guérir le SIDA, il a été suggéré qu'il pouvait stopper la réplication du virus. (fr)
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