Hewitt Leonidas Bouanchaud (August 19, 1877 – October 17, 1950) was a Democratic politician in the U.S. state of Louisiana. A native of Pointe Coupee Parish, Bouanchaud was elected a member of the Louisiana House of Representatives in 1904. After an absence of one term, he was elected again in 1912 and 1916. In 1916, he was named Speaker of the Louisiana House. In 1920, he was elected lieutenant governor as the running mate to gubernatorial candidate John M. Parker, a Democrat formerly affiliated with the Progressive Party. Among Bouanchaud's opponents was state court Judge Philip H. Gilbert of Assumption Parish, who was subsequently the interim lieutenant governor from 1926 to 1928.