Kingdom of Chakla (Tibetan: ལྕགས་ལ་རྒྱལ་པོ, Wylie: lcags la rgyal po, THL: chakla gyalpo; Chinese: 明正土司; pinyin: Míngzhēng tǔsī) or Chala was a kingdom in the Tibetan region of Kham. Chakla along with Bathang, Lithang, and Derge were called the "Four Great Native Chiefdom in Kham" (康区四大土司) by Chinese.
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| - Tusi de Chakla (fr)
- Kingdom of Chakla (en)
- 明正土司 (zh)
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| - 明正土司（藏文：ལྕགས་ལ་རྒྱལ་པོ，威利转写：lcags la rgyal po）是明、清时期的一个世袭嘉绒人土司，为嘉绒十八土司之一，辖今甘孜藏族自治州康定县、雅江县、道孚县及凉山州冕宁县一带。其治所位于今康定县。土司姓。 1407年（永乐五年），长河西土酋内附，被封为长河西鱼通宁远宣慰使司宣慰使，赐铜印一颗，是为明正土司之始。明正土司在嘉绒地区势力较大、历史较久。天启年间，丽江土司逐渐强大，曾受到丽江的侵略，但最后击退了丽江的进攻。 1643年（明崇禎十六年、清崇德八年），明正土司归附清朝。 1911年（宣统三年），四川总督赵尔丰施行改土归流，明正土司被废除。 (zh)
- Kingdom of Chakla (Tibetan: ལྕགས་ལ་རྒྱལ་པོ, Wylie: lcags la rgyal po, THL: chakla gyalpo; Chinese: 明正土司; pinyin: Míngzhēng tǔsī) or Chala was a kingdom in the Tibetan region of Kham. Chakla along with Bathang, Lithang, and Derge were called the "Four Great Native Chiefdom in Kham" (康区四大土司) by Chinese. (en)
- Le tusi de Chakla, également appelé royaume de Chakla (tibétain : ལྕགས་ལ་རྒྱལ་པོ, Wylie : lcags la rgyal po, THL : chakla gyalpo, parfois retranscrit en Chagla ou encore Chala ; chinois : 明正土司 ; pinyin : Míngzhēng tǔsī), est un tusi de Gyalrong (cheftaine de minorité), créé sous le règne de Ming Yongle de la dynastie Ming, en 1407, et dissoute au XIXe siècle par Gönpo Namgyal dans un territoire plus vaste de la vallée du Nyarong. À la frontière entre le plateau du Tibet et les plaines de Chine, elle est encore considérée par certains Tibétains comme faisant partie du Kham. Sa situation géographique correspond aujourd'hui à l'Ouest de la province du Sichuan. Sa capitale était Dartsedo. (fr)
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| - Kingdom of Chakla (en)
- ལྕགས་ལ་རྒྱལ་པོ (en)
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| - File:1945 Simla Conference Frontiers from Tibetan Precis by Richardson in Himalayan Triangle.jpg (en)
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| - China (en)
- chakla gyalpo (en)
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| - Chala marked at the southeastern corner of Tibet (en)
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| - Kingdom of Chakla (Tibetan: ལྕགས་ལ་རྒྱལ་པོ, Wylie: lcags la rgyal po, THL: chakla gyalpo; Chinese: 明正土司; pinyin: Míngzhēng tǔsī) or Chala was a kingdom in the Tibetan region of Kham. Chakla along with Bathang, Lithang, and Derge were called the "Four Great Native Chiefdom in Kham" (康区四大土司) by Chinese. The kingdom was located in the eponymous Chakla region, near the historical border between Tibet and China proper. By the late 1200s, it had been founded around the city of Dartsedo, now known as Kangding. Due to its position, the town formed a trading centre for merchants from Tibet and China proper, who traded goods such as tea, traditional medicines, horses, and paper; for this reason the Ganden Phodrang government established a taxation regime in the kingdom, headed by a commissioner. The local kings resented the taxation coming from Lhasa, resulting in a rebellion in 1666, backed up by Chakla allying with the emerging Qing dynasty. Ganden Phodrang forces invaded five years later, followed by the murder of the king of Chakla by the commissioner in 1699. However, a year later, the commissioner was killed himself by Qing forces, who reorganised their Tibetan provinces in 1725, removing Chakla from Ganden Phodrang rule. The Kingdom of Chakla was annexed by Qing dynasty in 1911; Zhao Erfeng forced the king to abdicate. However, ruler of Chakla had high prestige in Xikang and the Republican Chinese government had to allow them to restore him. Finally, the kingdom was annexed by the People's Republic of China in 1950. (en)
- Le tusi de Chakla, également appelé royaume de Chakla (tibétain : ལྕགས་ལ་རྒྱལ་པོ, Wylie : lcags la rgyal po, THL : chakla gyalpo, parfois retranscrit en Chagla ou encore Chala ; chinois : 明正土司 ; pinyin : Míngzhēng tǔsī), est un tusi de Gyalrong (cheftaine de minorité), créé sous le règne de Ming Yongle de la dynastie Ming, en 1407, et dissoute au XIXe siècle par Gönpo Namgyal dans un territoire plus vaste de la vallée du Nyarong. À la frontière entre le plateau du Tibet et les plaines de Chine, elle est encore considérée par certains Tibétains comme faisant partie du Kham. Sa situation géographique correspond aujourd'hui à l'Ouest de la province du Sichuan. Sa capitale était Dartsedo. Les Gyalrong qui peuplent et dirigent ce tusi, sont un peuple parlant le gyalrong, une branche des Langues qianguiques.[réf. nécessaire] (fr)
- 明正土司（藏文：ལྕགས་ལ་རྒྱལ་པོ，威利转写：lcags la rgyal po）是明、清时期的一个世袭嘉绒人土司，为嘉绒十八土司之一，辖今甘孜藏族自治州康定县、雅江县、道孚县及凉山州冕宁县一带。其治所位于今康定县。土司姓。 1407年（永乐五年），长河西土酋内附，被封为长河西鱼通宁远宣慰使司宣慰使，赐铜印一颗，是为明正土司之始。明正土司在嘉绒地区势力较大、历史较久。天启年间，丽江土司逐渐强大，曾受到丽江的侵略，但最后击退了丽江的进攻。 1643年（明崇禎十六年、清崇德八年），明正土司归附清朝。 1911年（宣统三年），四川总督赵尔丰施行改土归流，明正土司被废除。 (zh)
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| - POINT(101.95700073242 29.999000549316)
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