Shigeaki Hinohara (日野原 重明, Hinohara Shigeaki, 4 October 1911 – 18 July 2017) was a Japanese physician. In 1941 he began his long working association with St. Luke's International Hospital in central Tokyo and worked as a medical doctor throughout the wartime firebombing of the city. From 1990 he served as the hospital's honorary director. He was also Sophia University's Grief Care Institute director emeritus. He was honorary chairman of the . Hinohara is credited with establishing and popularizing Japan's practice of annual medical checkups.