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| - The Sultanate of Bacan (كسلطانن باچن) was a state in Maluku Islands, present-day Indonesia that arose with the expansion of the spice trade in late medieval times. It mainly consisted of the Bacan Islands (Bacan, Kasiruta, Mandioli, etc.) but had periodical influence in Ceram and the Papuan Islands. It fell under the colonial influence of Portugal in the 16th century and the Dutch East India Company (VOC) after 1609. Bacan was one of the four kingdoms of Maluku (Maloko Kië Raha) together with Ternate, Tidore and Jailolo, but tended to be overshadowed by Ternate. After the independence of Indonesia in 1949, the governing functions of the sultan were gradually replaced by a modern administrative structure. However, the sultanate has been revived as a cultural entity in present times. (en)
- Il sultanato di Bacan (in lingua indonesiana: Kesultanan Bacan), fu uno stato principesco esistito nell'attuale Indonesia dal 1322 sino al 1965. Fu uno dei quattri regni di Maluku con Ternate, Tidore e Jailolo. Dopo l'indipendenza dell'Indonesia nel 1949, le funzioni governative del sultano locale vennero gradualmente rimpiazzate dalla moderna struttura amministrativa. Il sultanato venne ripreso in epoca moderna come entità meramente culturale, senza più poteri effettivi a livello amministrativo. (it)
- Kesultanan Bacan (كسلطانن باچن) adalah suatu kerajaan yang berpusat di Pulau Bacan, Kepulauan Maluku, Indonesia saat ini, yang muncul dengan perluasan perdagangan rempah-rempah di akhir abad pertengahan. Kesultanan ini terdiri dari Kepulauan Bacan (Bacan, Kasiruta, Mandioli, dll.) tetapi memiliki pengaruh berkala di Seram dan Kepulauan Raja Ampat. Kesultanan Bacan jatuh di bawah pengaruh kolonial Portugal pada abad ke-16 dan Perusahaan Hindia Timur Belanda (VOC) setelah 1609. Bacan adalah salah satu dari empat kerajaan Maluku (Maloko Kië Raha) bersama dengan Ternate, Tidore dan Jailolo, tetapi cenderung dibayangi oleh Ternate. Setelah kemerdekaan Indonesia pada tahun 1945, fungsi pemerintahan sultan secara bertahap digantikan oleh struktur administrasi modern. Namun, kesultanan telah dihid (in)
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