The 1955–56 Kansas Jayhawks men's basketball team represented the University of Kansas during the 1955–56 college men's basketball season. The Jayhawks played their home games at Allen Fieldhouse, their first full season playing at the arena. It was the 39th and final season under head coach Phog Allen, who was forced to retire after the season. The Jayhawks finished the season 14–9 overall and 6–6 in the Big Seven Conference and did not qualify for the NCAA Tournament.