The 2016–17 Liga Leumit is the 18th season as second tier since its re-alignment in 1999 and the 75rd season of second-tier football in Israel. A total of sixteen teams are contesting in the league, including twelve sides from the 2015–16 season, the two promoted teams from 2015–16 Liga Alef and the two relegated teams from 2015–16 Israeli Premier League.