About: Advisory opinion on the Legality of the Threat or Use of Nuclear Weapons

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Legality of the Threat or Use of Nuclear Weapons [1996] ICJ 3 is a landmark international law case, where the International Court of Justice gave an advisory opinion stating that while the threat or use of nuclear weapons would generally be contrary to international humanitarian law, it cannot be concluded whether or not such a threat or use of nuclear weapons would be lawful in extreme circumstances where the very survival of a state would be at stake. The Court held that there is no source of international law that explicitly authorises or prohibits the threat or use of nuclear weapons but such threat or use must be in conformity with the UN Charter and principles of international humanitarian law. The Court also concluded that there was a general obligation to pursue nuclear disarmament

Attributes	Values
rdf:type	Thing
rdfs:label	Advisory opinion on the Legality of the Threat or Use of Nuclear Weapons (en) Legality of the Threat of Use of Nuclear Weapons (in) 核兵器の威嚇または使用の合法性国際司法裁判所勧告的意見 (ja) 以核武器进行威胁或使用核武器的合法性 (zh)
rdfs:comment	核兵器の威嚇または使用の合法性国際司法裁判所勧告的意見（かくへいきのいかくまたはしようのごうほうせいこくさいしほうさいばんしょかんこくてきいけん、英語:Advisory Opinion of the International Court of Justice on the Legality of the Threat or Use of Nuclear Weapons、フランス語:Avis consultatif de la Cour internationale de Justice sur la licéité de la menace ou de l'emploi d'armes nucléaires）は、国際連合総会による「核兵器による威嚇又はその使用は、なんらかの状況において国際法の下に許されることがあるか」という諮問に対して1996年7月8日にを下した、国際司法裁判所の判例である。1940年代に核兵器が開発されて以降、国際的な司法機関が核兵器の威嚇または使用の合法性(違法性)について判断を下した初めての事例である。国連総会の諮問に対して裁判所は、「核兵器の威嚇または使用は武力紛争に適用される国際法の規則（中略）に一般的には違反するであろう」としながらも、「国家の存亡そのものが危険にさらされるような、自衛の極端な状況における、核兵器の威嚇または使用が合法であるか違法であるかについて裁判所は最終的な結論を下すことができない」とした。この裁判所の判断については様々な評価や解釈がなされている。 (ja) 《以核武器进行威胁或使用核武器的合法性》（英語：Legality of the Threat or Use of Nuclear Weapons；法語：Licéité de la menace ou de l'emploi d'armes nucléaires），是一宗具有里程碑意义的国际法案件。国际法院在该案中发表指出：没有任何法律渊源，包括习惯法和条约法，明确禁止使用或以至于禁止拥有核武器。唯一的要求是，使用核武器必须符合自卫法和国际人道法的原则。虽然世界卫生组织曾于1993年9月3日请求法院置评，但该请求因不符合世卫组织的权能而遭到拒绝。因此，1994年12月，联合国大会再次请求法院置评，法院于1995年1月受理。在判定核武器使用的合法性的同时，法院也探讨了国际司法机构的恰当权能、国际法院咨询意见的意义、国际人道法、战争法事宜。院方探讨了“莲花号案观点”的法律状态，转而应用了“”的概念。同时，本案也存在核威慑战略实践的合法性以及1968年《不扩散核武器条约》第六条的法律含义的问题。 (zh) Legality of the Threat or Use of Nuclear Weapons [1996] ICJ 3 is a landmark international law case, where the International Court of Justice gave an advisory opinion stating that while the threat or use of nuclear weapons would generally be contrary to international humanitarian law, it cannot be concluded whether or not such a threat or use of nuclear weapons would be lawful in extreme circumstances where the very survival of a state would be at stake. The Court held that there is no source of international law that explicitly authorises or prohibits the threat or use of nuclear weapons but such threat or use must be in conformity with the UN Charter and principles of international humanitarian law. The Court also concluded that there was a general obligation to pursue nuclear disarmament (en) Legality of the Threat or Use of Nuclear Weapons [1996] ICJ 2 adalah sebuah yang dikeluarkan oleh Mahkamah Internasional yang menyatakan bahwa tidak ada sumber hukum, kebiasaan, ataupun perjanjian yang melarang secara eksplisit kepemilikan atau bahkan penggunaan senjata nuklir. Walaupun begitu, penggunaannya masih harus sejalan dengan aturan tentang pertahanan diri (self-defense) dan hukum kemanusiaan internasional. (in)
rdfs:seeAlso	Composition of the International Court of Justice
name	Legality of the Use by a State of Nuclear Weapons in Armed Conflict (en)
foaf:depiction
dcterms:subject	Nuclear weapons policy 1996 in international relations International Court of Justice cases 1996 in case law Aggression in international law
Wikipage page ID	512075 (xsd:integer)
Wikipage revision ID	1114822747 (xsd:integer)
Link from a Wikipage to another Wikipage	Proportionality (law) Qatar Queen's Counsel Rosalyn Higgins, Baroness Higgins Samoa San Marino Nuclear disarmament Her Majesty's Government Parliamentarians for Nuclear Non-Proliferation and Disarmament Non-binding Non Proliferation Treaty Barge Developing country List of International Court of Justice cases People's Republic of China Customary international law United Kingdom United Nations General Assembly United States Deterrence theory International Law Commission International humanitarian law International law Nuclear weapons policy Conference on Disarmament Costa Rica Matrix Chambers Russian Federation Genocide Convention 1996 in international relations Christopher Weeramantry Civilians Cold War Egypt George William Penrose, Lord Penrose Germany Gilbert Guillaume Mohamed Shahabuddeen Mohammed Bedjaoui Criminal justice Martens Clause Nuclear weapons convention Ultra vires Treaties Legal opinion Loch Goil Malaysia Stephen M. Schwebel Zimbabwe Professor White paper Australia Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons Géza Herczegh Jus ad bellum Abdul Koroma Eduardo Valencia Ospina France Angie Zelter Non-Aligned Movement Nuclear warfare Nuclear weapon Carl-August Fleischhauer Global Security Institute Good faith United Nations Charter Nuclear deterrence Luigi Ferrari Bravo Ratio decidendi International Court of Justice cases Greenpeace High Court of Justiciary International Court of Justice International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights Iran Italy Japan 1996 in case law

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