Astarymus (also called Aserymus; possibly Phoenician: 𐤏𐤔𐤕𐤓𐤓𐤌 ‘štrrm, "Ashtar is great") was a king of Tyre and the third of four brothers who held the kingship. The only information available about him comes from Josephus’s citation of the Phoenician author Menander of Ephesus, in Against Apion i.18. The entire passage about the four brothers is as follows, as given in Whiston’s translation: In the Nora Stone article just cited, F. M. Cross makes the following observation: Cross (and Barnes after him) therefore give the following sequence for the four sons of the nurse of Abdastartus:
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| - Astarymus (en)
- Astarimos (ca)
- Astarimo (es)
- Astarymus (in)
- Astharymos (fr)
- Астарим (ru)
- Астарім (uk)
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| - Astharymos fut roi de Tyr de 897 à 889 av J.C.. Astharymos, frère de Methusastratos, vécut cinquante-huit ans et en régna neuf. Il est tué par son frère Phelles, qui s'empara du trône (fr)
- Астарім (Аштарім, Аштар-рам) (д/н— бл. 880 до н. е.) — цар міста-держави Тір бл. 897—880 роках до н. е. (uk)
- Астарим (др.-греч. Ἅστέρυμος, лат. Astarimus) — царь Тира в начале IX века до н. э. (ru)
- Astarimos va ser rei de Tir, el tercer dels quatre germans que van ocupar el tron. Tot el que se'n sap d'aquest rei prové d'una cita que fa Flavi Josep d'un text avui perdut de Menandre d'Efes. La traducció del text conservat, referit als quatre germans, diu: Se suposa que va regnar de l'any 888 aC al 880 aC. Aquestes dates són les que dedueix Frank Cross i altres erudits, que situen la fugida de Dido del regne del seu germà Pigmalió l'any 825 aC, cap a fundar Cartago l'any 814 aC. Frank Cross dóna també la seqüència de sucessions dels quatre germans usurpadors, fills de la dida d'Abdastartos: (ca)
- Astarymus (also called Aserymus; possibly Phoenician: 𐤏𐤔𐤕𐤓𐤓𐤌 ‘štrrm, "Ashtar is great") was a king of Tyre and the third of four brothers who held the kingship. The only information available about him comes from Josephus’s citation of the Phoenician author Menander of Ephesus, in Against Apion i.18. The entire passage about the four brothers is as follows, as given in Whiston’s translation: In the Nora Stone article just cited, F. M. Cross makes the following observation: Cross (and Barnes after him) therefore give the following sequence for the four sons of the nurse of Abdastartus: (en)
- Astarimo (‘Ashtar-rom, Aserymus) fue un rey de Tiro, y el tercer rey de cuatro hermanos que mantuvieron el reino. La única información disponible sobre él proviene de Flavio Josefo, sobre una cita del autor fenicio, Menandro de Éfeso, en Contra Apión i.18. El pasaje entero sobre los cuatro hermanos, según la traducción de Whiston, es el siguiente: En su artículo Nora Stone, Frank Moore Cross hace la siguiente observación: Cross (y Barnes, después) dan la siguiente secuencia para los cuatro usurpadores, hijos de la nodriza de Abdastarto: (es)
- Astarymus (‘Ashtar-rom, Aserymus) merupakan seorang raja Tirus dan yang ketiga dari empat bersaudara yang memegang kerajaan. Satu-satunya informasi yang tersedia mengenai dirinya berasal dari kutipan Yosefus tentang penulis Fenesia, , di dalam Against Apion i.18. (in)
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| - Astarymus (Aserymus, ‘Astar-rom) (en)
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| - “Dynasty of the four brothers” (en)
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| - nurse of Abdastartus (en)
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| - Deleastartus 900 – 889 BC (en)
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| - Astarimos va ser rei de Tir, el tercer dels quatre germans que van ocupar el tron. Tot el que se'n sap d'aquest rei prové d'una cita que fa Flavi Josep d'un text avui perdut de Menandre d'Efes. La traducció del text conservat, referit als quatre germans, diu: Se suposa que va regnar de l'any 888 aC al 880 aC. Aquestes dates són les que dedueix Frank Cross i altres erudits, que situen la fugida de Dido del regne del seu germà Pigmalió l'any 825 aC, cap a fundar Cartago l'any 814 aC. Frank Cross dóna també la seqüència de sucessions dels quatre germans usurpadors, fills de la dida d'Abdastartos:
* Astartos 918 aC - 906 aC
* Deleastartos 906 aC - 889 aC
* Astarimos 888 aC - 880 aC
* Fel·les 879 aC Al primer dels quatre germans el text de Flavi Josep no li dóna cap nom. Cross va interpretar que havia de ser Astartos, i el seu germà segon tenia per nom Deleastartos. (ca)
- Astarymus (also called Aserymus; possibly Phoenician: 𐤏𐤔𐤕𐤓𐤓𐤌 ‘štrrm, "Ashtar is great") was a king of Tyre and the third of four brothers who held the kingship. The only information available about him comes from Josephus’s citation of the Phoenician author Menander of Ephesus, in Against Apion i.18. The entire passage about the four brothers is as follows, as given in Whiston’s translation: Now four sons of (Abdastartus’s) nurse plotted against him and slew him, the eldest of whom reigned twelve years; after them came Astartus the son of Deleastartus: he lived fifty-four years, and reigned twelve years; after him came his brother Aserymus; he lived fifty-four years, and reigned nine years: he was slain by his brother Pheles, who took the kingdom and reigned but eight months, though he lived fifty years: he was slain by Ithobalus, the priest of Astarte. The dates given for Astarymus (Aserymus) are according to the work of F. M. Cross and other scholars who take 825 BC as the date of Dido’s flight from her brother Pygmalion, after which she founded the city of Carthage in 814 BC. See the chronological justification for these dates in the Pygmalion of Tyre article. In the Nora Stone article just cited, F. M. Cross makes the following observation: Note that we presume a haplography in Josephan text between ‘Ashtart, the eldest brother of the four usurpers, and Dalay-‘ashtart his successor. In the present corrupt text Dalay-‘ashtart [Deleastartus] has been made the name of ‘Ashtart’s father: Astartos ho Delaiastarton. We do not expect the second brother’s patronymic [i.e., the ho Delaiastarton]. None are given for other usurpers or founders of new dynasties in the entire king-list. Cross therefore presumed that “the son of Deleastartus” in this passage involved a corruption in which the name of the second of the four brothers was assimilated. William Barnes explains about Cross’s analysis: His major contribution was the brilliant suggestion that the patronymic ho Delaiastartou of Codex Laurentianus . . . actually represents a corrupted form of the name of the second brother of the four usurpers . . . Indeed, it seems far more reasonable in my opinion to suggest such textual corruption (with the retention, albeit reinterpreted, of all the original names), than to have to explain why the name and chronological data of the eldest (and presumably most notorious) usurper are not lost, while the second usurper’s name, chronological data, and patronymic are extant. Cross (and Barnes after him) therefore give the following sequence for the four sons of the nurse of Abdastartus:
* Astartus (‘Ashtart) 920-901 BC
* Deleastartus (Dalay-‘Ashtart) 900-889 BC
* Astarymus (‘Ashtar-rom, Aserymus) 888-880 BC
* Phelles 879 BC The first of these four brothers, as given by Cross and Barnes, is not assigned any name in the usual interpretations of the texts, and Astartus is the second in the series. Cross restored Astartus as the first to reign and reconstructed the name of the second brother from what was previously presumed to be the patronymic of Astartus. Regarding the 20 years assigned to Astartus, Barnes writes, “Cross’s suggested regnal total of 20 years for Astartos (the first usurper), while of necessity hypothetical, remains entirely possible given the strong textual support underlying Josephus’ own total of 155 years and eight months for the interval from the accession of Hiram to the founding of Carthage.” (en)
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