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| - Probably composed in the 1580s, Philip Sidney's Astrophil and Stella is an English sonnet sequence containing 108 sonnets and 11 songs. The name derives from the two Greek words, 'aster' (star) and 'phil' (lover), and the Latin word 'stella' meaning star. Thus Astrophil is the star lover, and Stella is his star. Sidney partly nativized the key features of his Italian model Petrarch, including an ongoing but partly obscure narrative, the philosophical trappings of the poet in relation to love and desire, and musings on the art of poetic creation. Sidney also adopts the Petrarchan rhyme scheme, though he uses it with such freedom that fifteen variants are employed. (en)
- Astrophil e Stella (in inglese Astrophel and Stella) è una raccolta di poesie (108 sonetti e 11 canzoni) di sir Philip Sidney, pubblicata nel 1591. Tutti i componimenti raccontano l'amore di Astrophil (che significa letteralmente l'amante degli astri, ma che gioca anche sul nome di Sidney) e Stella (che viene identificata con Penelope Devereux, primo amore del poeta). (it)
- Astrophel and Stella – cykl sonetów renesansowego angielskiego poety Philipa Sidneya. Utwór powstał prawdopodobnie w 1582. Został wydany pośmiertnie w 1591. Cykl składa się ze stu ośmiu sonetów i jedenastu piosenek. Jest często uważany za najlepszy zbiór sonetystyczny zaraz za Sonetami Williama Szekspira. Publikacja cyklu zapoczątkowała w elżbietańskiej Anglii modę na pisanie zbiorów sonetów. Samemu Sidneyowi przyniosła sławę. Po śmierci poety na skutek odniesionych w bitwie ran Edmund Spenser napisał na jego cześć elegię zatytułowaną właśnie Astrophel. (pl)
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| - Probably composed in the 1580s, Philip Sidney's Astrophil and Stella is an English sonnet sequence containing 108 sonnets and 11 songs. The name derives from the two Greek words, 'aster' (star) and 'phil' (lover), and the Latin word 'stella' meaning star. Thus Astrophil is the star lover, and Stella is his star. Sidney partly nativized the key features of his Italian model Petrarch, including an ongoing but partly obscure narrative, the philosophical trappings of the poet in relation to love and desire, and musings on the art of poetic creation. Sidney also adopts the Petrarchan rhyme scheme, though he uses it with such freedom that fifteen variants are employed. Some have suggested that the love represented in the sequence may be a literal one as Sidney evidently connects Astrophil to himself and Stella to Lady Penelope, thought to be Penelope Devereux (1563–1607), later Lady Rich, the wife of Robert Rich, 3rd Baronet. Sidney and Lady Penelope had been betrothed when the latter was a child. For some reason the match was broken off, and Lady Penelope married Lord Rich, with whom she lived for a while most unhappily. Payne and Hunter suggest that modern criticism, though not explicitly rejecting this connection, leans more towards the viewpoint that writers happily create a poetic persona, artificial and distinct from themselves. (en)
- Astrophil e Stella (in inglese Astrophel and Stella) è una raccolta di poesie (108 sonetti e 11 canzoni) di sir Philip Sidney, pubblicata nel 1591. Tutti i componimenti raccontano l'amore di Astrophil (che significa letteralmente l'amante degli astri, ma che gioca anche sul nome di Sidney) e Stella (che viene identificata con Penelope Devereux, primo amore del poeta). I componimenti non sono omogenei. L'io narrante varia spesso (da quello del poeta, a quello di Stella o di altri personaggi secondari); l'amore a volte è visto in maniera molto positiva, altre volte è un veleno o un inferno. La figura di Stella, poi, è ambigua. Alcuni critici vedono in lei la regina Elisabetta I d'Inghilterra, e il rapporto tra Astrophil e Stella sarebbe quindi quello tra il tipico cortigiano e la sua regina. Altri, ne fanno l'incarnazione della sapienza inseguita dal poeta-filosofo (secondo una tradizione antichissima). Questa raccolta ha alcune analogie con il Canzoniere di Francesco Petrarca, tanto da far meritare a Sidney l'appellativo di English Petrarch, ma sono molti di più i punti di divergenza. Petrarca viene spesso parodiato, il lavoro dei petrarchisti precedenti messo in discussione. Inoltre il vocabolario di Sidney è semplice e contiene pochissimi polisillabi. (it)
- Astrophel and Stella – cykl sonetów renesansowego angielskiego poety Philipa Sidneya. Utwór powstał prawdopodobnie w 1582. Został wydany pośmiertnie w 1591. Cykl składa się ze stu ośmiu sonetów i jedenastu piosenek. Jest często uważany za najlepszy zbiór sonetystyczny zaraz za Sonetami Williama Szekspira. Cykl opowiada o miłości Stelli (Gwiazdy) i Astrophela (Miłośnika gwiazd). Imię bohatera jest grą słów na temat własnego imienia poety. Utwór opowiada o wewnętrznych rozterkach bohatera, który kocha poezję tak samo jak ową dziewczynę. Astrophel próbuje poradzić sobie ze sprzecznymi emocjami. W końcu decyduje się porzucić swoją miłość dla służby państwowej. Cykl jest zbiorem rozważań poety o rozumie, emocjach, namiętnościach i wolnej woli. Publikacja cyklu zapoczątkowała w elżbietańskiej Anglii modę na pisanie zbiorów sonetów. Samemu Sidneyowi przyniosła sławę. Po śmierci poety na skutek odniesionych w bitwie ran Edmund Spenser napisał na jego cześć elegię zatytułowaną właśnie Astrophel. Do najbardziej znanych utworów z cyklu należy sonet I: Loving in truth, and fain in verse my love to show,That she, dear she, might take some pleasure of my pain,—Pleasure might cause her read, reading might make her know,Knowledge might pity win, and pity grace obtain,—I sought fit words to paint the blackest face of woe;Studying inventions fine her wits to entertain,Oft turning others' leaves, to see if thence would flowSome fresh and fruitful showers upon my sunburn'd brain.But words came halting forth, wanting invention's stay;Invention, Nature's child, fled step-dame Study's blows;And others' feet still seem'd but strangers in my way.Thus great with child to speak and helpless in my throes,Biting my truant pen, beating myself for spite,"Fool," said my Muse to me, "look in thy heart, and write." Interesujący jest sonet 89, oparty na epiforze. Na język polski przełożono tylko niektóre wiersze z omawianego cyklu. Tłumaczenia sporządzili Jerzy Pietrkiewicz, Stanisław Barańczak i Juliusz Żuławski. Jeden sonet Sidneya przyswoił Jan Kasprowicz. Ukazało się też tłumaczenie cyklu na język czeski. Sonety przełożyli Alois Bejblík i Gustav Francl. (pl)
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