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Asymmetric federalism or asymmetrical federalism is found in a federation or other types of union in which different constituent states possess different powers: one or more of the substates has considerably more autonomy than the other substates, although they have the same constitutional status. This is in contrast to symmetric federalism, where no distinction is made between constituent states. As a result, it is frequently proposed as a solution to the dissatisfaction that arises when one or more constituent units feel significantly different needs from the others, as the result of an ethnic, linguistic or cultural difference.

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  • Asymmetric federalism (en)
  • Federalismo asimmetrico (it)
  • Fédéralisme asymétrique (fr)
  • Асимметричная федерация (ru)
rdfs:comment
  • Асимметричная федерация — федерация, которая характеризуется разностатусностью субъектов. Асимметричными федерациями являются Индия, Танзания, Бразилия, Канада. Асимметричной федерацией многими считается и Россия, однако в её Конституции прописано обратное. Де-факто Россия есть федерация с многоуровневой симметрией федеративного устройства. То есть на каждом статусном уровне (на уровне республики, областей, краёв, автономных округов) субъекты федерации с одинаковыми особенностями правового статуса между собой равны. Но все же определенный элемент асимметрии в Российской Федерации присутствует. (ru)
  • Asymmetric federalism or asymmetrical federalism is found in a federation or other types of union in which different constituent states possess different powers: one or more of the substates has considerably more autonomy than the other substates, although they have the same constitutional status. This is in contrast to symmetric federalism, where no distinction is made between constituent states. As a result, it is frequently proposed as a solution to the dissatisfaction that arises when one or more constituent units feel significantly different needs from the others, as the result of an ethnic, linguistic or cultural difference. (en)
  • Il federalismo asimmetrico è quel tipo di federalismo, generalmente applicato ad una federazione, ma anche, in maniera estensiva, a uno stato unitario decentrato, in cui diversi soggetti costituenti possiedono poteri diversi: uno o più soggetti federali hanno un'autonomia considerevolmente maggiore degli altri, sebbene esso abbiano lo stesso statuto costituzionale. Questo è in contrasto con il federalismo simmetrico, dove non viene fatta alcuna distinzione. Per questi motivi, viene spesso proposto come soluzione alle insoddisfazioni che sorgono quando una o più unità costituenti avvertono bisogni significativamente differenti dalle altre, a causa di differenze etniche, linguistiche o culturali. (it)
  • Le fédéralisme asymétrique est un mode d'organisation de l'État fédéral selon lequel les institutions ne sont pas les mêmes dans les différentes collectivités politiques qui composent cet État. Les compétences qui sont reconnues à chacune d’elles ne sont pas identiques. Les moyens financiers varient en fonction des choix qui sont pratiqués dans les collectivités fédérées et accrédités par la collectivité fédérale. Le fédéralisme asymétrique est un fédéralisme « à la carte » où les collectivités égales ne se ressemblent pas en tous points. (fr)
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