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| - Batalha de Scacafell ou Skyhill foi um confronto que ocorreu a cerca de 1,5 km de Ramsey, Ilha de Man em 1079. Ocorreu durante a terceira e final ofensiva do guerreiro nórdico Godred Crovan e Norse-Gael que invadiu a ilha, e conquistá-la a partir da decisão do rei Fingal Godredson. (pt)
- Битва при Скайхилле произошла в 1079 году между мэнской армией и норвежскими силами Годреда I Крована. Сражение закончилось победой Норвегии. Основной нарративный источник о битве при Скайхилле — «Хроники Мэна». (ru)
- The Battle of Scacafell or Skyhill took place about one mile (1.5 km) west of Ramsey, Isle of Man in 1079. This was during the third and final time that the Norse-Gael warrior Godred Crovan had invaded the island, finally taking it from the ruling king Fingal Godredson. — Chronica Regum Manniae et Insularum (The Chronicles of the Kings of Man and the Isles) It has been suggested that Fingal died at this battle, as he disappears from the record from this time, but the otherwise detailed account neglects to mention this. (en)
- La batalla de Scacafell o Skyhill tuvo lugar a una milla (1.6 km) al oeste de Ramsey, Isla de Man en 1079. Fue la tercera y última tentativa del caudillo vikingo hiberno-nórdico Godred Crovan para invadir la isla y arrancarla del poder del reino de Dublín y los jarls de las Orcadas. Con la unificación de la isla de Man y las Hébridas, su victoria supuso la creación del reino de Mann y las Islas. De las Crónicas de Mann [1079]: (es)
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| - The Battle of Scacafell or Skyhill took place about one mile (1.5 km) west of Ramsey, Isle of Man in 1079. This was during the third and final time that the Norse-Gael warrior Godred Crovan had invaded the island, finally taking it from the ruling king Fingal Godredson. At the time of the battle, the Isle of Man was part of a larger political entity called the Kingdom of the Sudreys, which consisted of Mann and the Hebrides. According to the Chronicles of Mann Godred Crovan's father was "Harald the Black of Ysland" about whom nothing more is known. Other sources suggest he may have been a brother or son of Ivar Haraldsson who died in 1054. In 1070 King Godred Sitricson died and his throne was passed to Fingal, but he does not seem to have remained there long. In 1079, Godred Crovan assembled a fleet and an army, probably of Norsemen from the Hebrides, and attacked the island. He was repulsed, but was soon back for a second attempt. Again he was repulsed, but later in the same year Godred Crovan came back a third time, and the chronicles are reasonably clear as to what happened next: A third time he gathered a massive force and came by night to the harbour which is called Ramsey, and three hundred men he hid in a wood which was on the sloping brow of the mountain called Sky Hill. At dawn the Manxmen formed up in battle order and after a massive charge joined battle with Godred. When the battle was raging vehemently, the three hundred rose from their place of hiding at their rear and began to weaken the resistance of the Manxmen and compelled them to flee. Now when they saw themselves defeated without any place for them to escape to, for the tide had filled the riverbed at Ramsey and the enemy were pressing constantly from the other side, those that were left begged Godred with pitiful cries to spare them their lives. Moved with compassion and taking pity on their plight, since he had been reared among them for some time, he called off his army and forbade them to pursue them further. — Chronica Regum Manniae et Insularum (The Chronicles of the Kings of Man and the Isles) It has been suggested that Fingal died at this battle, as he disappears from the record from this time, but the otherwise detailed account neglects to mention this. The result of the battle was that the Manx submitted to Godred’s rule and a sanctioned plundering of the island was carried out by his men. The island was then divided between the north, for rule by the Manx, and the South, for rule by those from the Hebrides whom Godred had brought with him to the battle. Despite Godred then moving on to a conquest of Dublin before returning to the Hebrides, he retained rule of the island until his death in 1095. His descendants continued to rule the island for the next 74 years, until 1153. Again, this is clear in the chronicales: “Next day Godred gave his army the option of having the country divided amongst them if they preferred to remain and inhabit it, or of taking everything it contained worth having, and returning to their homes. The soldiers preferred plundering the whole island, and returning home enriched by its wealth. Godred then granted to the few islanders who had remained with him, the southern part of the island, and to the surviving Manxmnen the northern portion, on condition that none of them should ever presume to claim any of the land by hereditary right.” — Chronica Regum Manniae et Insularum (The Chronicles of the Kings of Man and the Isles) (en)
- La batalla de Scacafell o Skyhill tuvo lugar a una milla (1.6 km) al oeste de Ramsey, Isla de Man en 1079. Fue la tercera y última tentativa del caudillo vikingo hiberno-nórdico Godred Crovan para invadir la isla y arrancarla del poder del reino de Dublín y los jarls de las Orcadas. Con la unificación de la isla de Man y las Hébridas, su victoria supuso la creación del reino de Mann y las Islas. Antes de la batalla, la isla de Man formaba parte de una entidad política llamada reino de las Sudreys, que estaba compuesta por Mann y las Hébridas. Desde 1075, Godred Crovan lanzó embestidas bélicas reivindicando el trono de su padre Harald el Negro, rey de Mann entre 1035–1040 pero a su muerte el poder pasó a manos de los jarls de las Órcadas. Los ataques fueron repelidos por las fuerzas locales, a partir de la segunda oleada la figura de Fingal Godredson desaparece de los registros y es probable que muriese en la contienda, pero como este hecho no aparece en ninguna parte, los historiadores ignoran el detalle y no suelen mencionarlo. De las Crónicas de Mann [1079]: Una tercera vez él reunió una fuerza superior y desembarcó de noche en el puerto de Ramsey, y trescientos hombres se ocultaron en el bosque, en la pendiente de la montaña llamada Sky Hill. Al amanecer los maneses formaron en orden de batalla y tras una primera oleada, se enfrentaron a las fuerzas de Godred. Cuando la batalla estaba en su vehemente apogeo, los 300 se levantaron de su escondite y comenzó a debilitarse la resistencia de los maneses y les obligó a huir. Cuando se vieron derrotados sin ningún lugar para escapar, la marea había llenado el cauce del río en Ramsey y el enemigo estaba presionando constantemente desde el otro lado, los que quedaron con vida pidieron a Godred con gritos lastimeros para salvar sus vidas. Movido por la compasión y compadeciéndose de su situación, ya que se había criado entre ellos por algún tiempo, llamó a su ejército y les prohibió que continuaran persiguiéndoles.’’— Chronica Regum Manniae et Insularum (es)
- Batalha de Scacafell ou Skyhill foi um confronto que ocorreu a cerca de 1,5 km de Ramsey, Ilha de Man em 1079. Ocorreu durante a terceira e final ofensiva do guerreiro nórdico Godred Crovan e Norse-Gael que invadiu a ilha, e conquistá-la a partir da decisão do rei Fingal Godredson. (pt)
- Битва при Скайхилле произошла в 1079 году между мэнской армией и норвежскими силами Годреда I Крована. Сражение закончилось победой Норвегии. Основной нарративный источник о битве при Скайхилле — «Хроники Мэна». (ru)
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