In chemistry and geology, biomarkers are any suite of complex organic compounds composed of carbon, hydrogen and other elements or heteroatoms such as oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur, which are found in crude oils, bitumen, petroleum source rock and eventually show simplification in molecular structure from the parent organic molecules found in all living organisms. Essentially, they are complex carbon-based molecules derived from formerly living organisms. Each biomarker is quite distinctive when compared to its counterparts, as the time required for organic matter to convert to crude oil is discreet. Most biomarkers also usually have high molecular mass.
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| - Biomarker (petroleum) (en)
- Biomarkery (geologia) (pl)
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| - Biomarkery – grupa związków organicznych występujących w , np. w węglu kamiennym, brunatnym, ropie naftowej czy kerogenie, których prekursorami są związki organiczne występujące w organizmach żywych. Biomarkery zachowują bez zmian (lub tylko z niewielkimi zmianami) szkielet węglowy swojego biologicznego prekursora. Główne grupy biomarkerów używanych w interpretacji geochemicznej to (pochodzące od biochemicznych steroli), (z , np. bakteriohopantetrolu), diterpeny, i izoprenoidy liniowe (np. lub ). (pl)
- In chemistry and geology, biomarkers are any suite of complex organic compounds composed of carbon, hydrogen and other elements or heteroatoms such as oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur, which are found in crude oils, bitumen, petroleum source rock and eventually show simplification in molecular structure from the parent organic molecules found in all living organisms. Essentially, they are complex carbon-based molecules derived from formerly living organisms. Each biomarker is quite distinctive when compared to its counterparts, as the time required for organic matter to convert to crude oil is discreet. Most biomarkers also usually have high molecular mass. (en)
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| - In chemistry and geology, biomarkers are any suite of complex organic compounds composed of carbon, hydrogen and other elements or heteroatoms such as oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur, which are found in crude oils, bitumen, petroleum source rock and eventually show simplification in molecular structure from the parent organic molecules found in all living organisms. Essentially, they are complex carbon-based molecules derived from formerly living organisms. Each biomarker is quite distinctive when compared to its counterparts, as the time required for organic matter to convert to crude oil is discreet. Most biomarkers also usually have high molecular mass. Some examples of biomarkers found in petroleum are pristane, triterpanes, steranes, phytane and porphyrin. Such petroleum biomarkers are produced via chemical synthesis using biochemical compounds as their main constituents. For instance, triterpanes are derived from biochemical compounds found on land angiosperm plants. The abundance of petroleum biomarkers in small amounts in its reservoir or source rock make it necessary to use sensitive and differential approaches to analyze the presence of those compounds. The techniques typically used includes gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. (en)
- Biomarkery – grupa związków organicznych występujących w , np. w węglu kamiennym, brunatnym, ropie naftowej czy kerogenie, których prekursorami są związki organiczne występujące w organizmach żywych. Biomarkery zachowują bez zmian (lub tylko z niewielkimi zmianami) szkielet węglowy swojego biologicznego prekursora. Główne grupy biomarkerów używanych w interpretacji geochemicznej to (pochodzące od biochemicznych steroli), (z , np. bakteriohopantetrolu), diterpeny, i izoprenoidy liniowe (np. lub ). (pl)
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