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The Consolidated Third (French: le tiers consolidé) is the name given in France to the 1797 repudiation of public debt of which only one third was guaranteed. In 1797, France faced a debt load of 4 billion francs, much higher than the previous peak in 1715, and a new record. Moreover, the country was experiencing a phase of hyperinflation due, in part, to Gresham's law thanks to the over-printing of Assignat, which lowered purchasing power.

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  • Terç consolidat (ca)
  • Consolidated Third (en)
  • Tiers consolidé (fr)
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  • Le tiers consolidé est le nom donné en France en 1797 à la dette publique dont le tiers seul était garanti. (fr)
  • El terç consolidat (en francés, tiers consolidé) és el nom donat al deute públic de França en 1797, ja que només estava garantit un terç d'aquest deute. Amb l'operació aprovada pel Directori per la Llei de 30 de setembre de 1797, el deute públic i les rentes es pagarien fins a dos terços del seu capital amb , admeses per al pagament d'impostos o de béns nacionals. El terç restant, consolidat, estava registrat en el Gran Llibre del Deute Públic i els interessos eren pagats amb lletres del Tresor. (ca)
  • The Consolidated Third (French: le tiers consolidé) is the name given in France to the 1797 repudiation of public debt of which only one third was guaranteed. In 1797, France faced a debt load of 4 billion francs, much higher than the previous peak in 1715, and a new record. Moreover, the country was experiencing a phase of hyperinflation due, in part, to Gresham's law thanks to the over-printing of Assignat, which lowered purchasing power. (en)
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  • El terç consolidat (en francés, tiers consolidé) és el nom donat al deute públic de França en 1797, ja que només estava garantit un terç d'aquest deute. Amb l'operació aprovada pel Directori per la Llei de 30 de setembre de 1797, el deute públic i les rentes es pagarien fins a dos terços del seu capital amb , admeses per al pagament d'impostos o de béns nacionals. El terç restant, consolidat, estava registrat en el Gran Llibre del Deute Públic i els interessos eren pagats amb lletres del Tresor. Aquesta operació, que significava en realitat que l'Estat no podia pagar gran part del seu deute, també va ser coneguda con la fallida dels dos terços (en francès, banqueroute des deux tiers). Considerades «ruïnoses, poc polítiques i immorals» per , les van contribuir en gran manera a la fallida dels dos terços, perquè Jacques Necker havia emès altes taxes d'interès per a quantitats considerables amb fins especulatius. (ca)
  • The Consolidated Third (French: le tiers consolidé) is the name given in France to the 1797 repudiation of public debt of which only one third was guaranteed. In 1797, France faced a debt load of 4 billion francs, much higher than the previous peak in 1715, and a new record. Moreover, the country was experiencing a phase of hyperinflation due, in part, to Gresham's law thanks to the over-printing of Assignat, which lowered purchasing power. Due to this, the French Directory and the Minister of Finance, Dominique-Vincent Ramel-Nogaret, on 30 September 1797, issued one-time only paper bonds that would be redeemable for national lands; similar to what the Assignat was originally before it became a paper currency The value of these bonds was only one third of the value of the national debt, thus being a form of Debt consolidation. This would represent a repudiation of most of the state's debt, and a bankruptcy of two-thirds of the debt, leading to the euphemism of the remaining being a consolidated third. (en)
  • Le tiers consolidé est le nom donné en France en 1797 à la dette publique dont le tiers seul était garanti. (fr)
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