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Non-avian dinosaur and bird fossils are frequently found in a characteristic posture consisting of head thrown back, tail extended, and mouth wide open. The cause of this posture—sometimes called a "death pose"—has been a matter of scientific debate. Traditional explanations ranged from strong ligaments in the animal's neck desiccating and contracting to draw the body into the pose, to water currents arranging the remains in the position. * Ornithomimus * Struthiomimus. * Gorgosaurus. * Archaeopteryx. * Messelornis. * Sapeornis. * Scipionyx. * Camarasaurus

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rdf:type
rdfs:label
  • Death pose (en)
  • Posa di morte (it)
  • Posture opisthotonique des vertébrés fossiles (fr)
  • デスポーズ (ja)
  • Поза смерти (ru)
rdfs:comment
  • Les dinosaures et oiseaux fossiles sont fréquemment trouvés dans une position caractéristique montrant la tête rejetée en arrière, la queue en extension et la gueule grande ouverte. La cause de cette posture, parfois nommée « position mortuaire » (death pose en anglais) a fait l'objet d'un débat entre scientifiques. Les explications traditionnelles allaient du dessèchement d'un fort ligament du cou entrainant le rejet de la tête vers l'arrière à l'action de courants dans les rivières pouvant, aléatoirement, placer le cadavre dans une telle position. (fr)
  • デスポーズとは、恐竜や鳥類化石の骨格が示す特徴的なポーズのことである。 恐竜や鳥類の骨格が連結した状態で見つかる場合、上体を仰け反らせ、尾を伸ばし、口を広く開けた状態で見つかることが多い。この姿勢は俗にデスポーズと呼ばれている。なぜ恐竜たちがこのような姿勢をとったのか、学術的な議論の対象になっている。従来、恐竜が死亡したあとに頸部の背中側にある靭帯が乾燥・収縮することでこのような姿勢になるとか、死体が押し流された際にたまたま水の流れでこうなったに過ぎない などという解釈がなされてきた。 しかし近年、Faux and Padian (2007)は、この姿勢は恐竜が死亡する際に生じた死後硬直の一種、弓なり緊張 (en:opisthotonus)によるものであり、二次的な要因で生じたものではないとした。彼らは、水流が時代も場所も大きく異なる多数の死体をデスポーズの形に配列させたとか、水流が体と手足をバラバラの方向へ配列させたなどという、水流によるデスポーズ形成説は説明不可能であると否定し、靭帯の乾燥・収縮によるデスポーズの形成もありえないと否定した。 (ja)
  • «Поза смерти» — особое расположение сочленённых ископаемых остатков, принадлежащих нептичьим динозаврам, птицам, птерозаврам и некоторым другим архозаврам, состоящее из запрокинутой головы, вытянутого хвоста и широко раскрытого рта. Традиционные объяснения варьируются от наличия сильных связок на шее животного, которые высыхали и сжимались, и тем самым вытягивали тело в позу, до потоков воды, уложивших остатки в это положение. (ru)
  • Non-avian dinosaur and bird fossils are frequently found in a characteristic posture consisting of head thrown back, tail extended, and mouth wide open. The cause of this posture—sometimes called a "death pose"—has been a matter of scientific debate. Traditional explanations ranged from strong ligaments in the animal's neck desiccating and contracting to draw the body into the pose, to water currents arranging the remains in the position. * Ornithomimus * Struthiomimus. * Gorgosaurus. * Archaeopteryx. * Messelornis. * Sapeornis. * Scipionyx. * Camarasaurus (en)
  • I fossili di dinosauri e uccelli vengono frequentemente ritrovati in una caratteristica postura che consiste nella testa girata all'indietro, con la coda estesa e la bocca aperta. La causa di questa postura - a volte chiamata “posa di morte” - è ancora oggetto di dibattito scientifico. Le spiegazioni tradizionali dei paleontologi spaziano dai legamenti del collo che essiccandosi si contraggono fino a piegare il corpo in quella posizione, a flussi d'acqua (in cui l'animale è cascato o è stato trasportato) che piegano casualmente il corpo in questa posa. . * * Struthiomimus. * Gorgosaurus. * * . * . (it)
foaf:depiction
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/9119_-_Milano,_Museo_storia_naturale_-_Scipionyx_samniticus_-_Foto_Giovanni_Dall'Orto_22-Apr-2007.jpg
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Archaeopteryx_lithographica_(Berlin_specimen).jpg
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Messelornis.jpg
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Sapeornis_chaoyangensis.jpg
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Gorgosaurus_death_pose.jpg
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Ornithomimus_edmontonicus.jpg
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Camarasaurus_lentus_Carnegie.jpg
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Struthiomimus_skeleton_jconway.jpg
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  • Non-avian dinosaur and bird fossils are frequently found in a characteristic posture consisting of head thrown back, tail extended, and mouth wide open. The cause of this posture—sometimes called a "death pose"—has been a matter of scientific debate. Traditional explanations ranged from strong ligaments in the animal's neck desiccating and contracting to draw the body into the pose, to water currents arranging the remains in the position. Faux and Padian suggested in 2007 that the live animal was suffering opisthotonus during its death throes, and that the pose is not the result of any post-mortem process at all. They also reject the idea of water as responsible for randomly arranging the bodies in a "death pose", as different parts of the body and the limbs can be in different directions, which they found unlikely to be the result of moving water. They also found that the claim that drying out of ligaments would make the position does not seem believable either. A study conducted by Alicia Cutler, Brooks B. Britt, and colleagues from Brigham Young University in Provo, Utah, suggests that the pose is a result of submersion in water after death. Seconds after placing chicken carcasses in water, the bodies assumed the "death pose." The reduction of friction to allow ligaments and tendons to contract to their typical positions causes dorsoflexion of the head and tail of the animal. They also found that the chickens' claws contracted, likely due to the same cause (reduction of friction in water allows ligaments to return to their original positions, and death releases muscle tension that would have held the neck and claws in different positions in life). The experiment was replicated with an emu, which produced the same results. When the intervertebral ligaments of the chickens' necks were cut, they did not assume the death pose. In 2012, paleontologists Achim G. Reisdorf and Michael Wuttke published a study regarding death poses. According to the conclusions of this study, the so-called "opisthotonic posture" is not the result of a cerebral illness creating muscle spasms, and also not of a rapid burial. Rather, submersion resulted in buoyancy that enabled the to pull the head and tail back. * Ornithomimus * Struthiomimus. * Gorgosaurus. * Archaeopteryx. * Messelornis. * Sapeornis. * Scipionyx. * Camarasaurus (en)
  • Les dinosaures et oiseaux fossiles sont fréquemment trouvés dans une position caractéristique montrant la tête rejetée en arrière, la queue en extension et la gueule grande ouverte. La cause de cette posture, parfois nommée « position mortuaire » (death pose en anglais) a fait l'objet d'un débat entre scientifiques. Les explications traditionnelles allaient du dessèchement d'un fort ligament du cou entrainant le rejet de la tête vers l'arrière à l'action de courants dans les rivières pouvant, aléatoirement, placer le cadavre dans une telle position. (fr)
  • I fossili di dinosauri e uccelli vengono frequentemente ritrovati in una caratteristica postura che consiste nella testa girata all'indietro, con la coda estesa e la bocca aperta. La causa di questa postura - a volte chiamata “posa di morte” - è ancora oggetto di dibattito scientifico. Le spiegazioni tradizionali dei paleontologi spaziano dai legamenti del collo che essiccandosi si contraggono fino a piegare il corpo in quella posizione, a flussi d'acqua (in cui l'animale è cascato o è stato trasportato) che piegano casualmente il corpo in questa posa. . Faux e Padian hanno suggerito nel 2007 che l'animale prima di morire soffrisse di Opistotono durante gli spasmi della morte, e che quella postura non è il risultato di nessun processo post-mortem, bensì di un danno cerebrale, provocato principalmente da asfissia (causata spesso da ceneri vulcaniche in cui questi animali sono stati rinvenuti). Hanno anche rigettato l'idea che l'acqua sia la responsabile della posa, visto che diverse parti del corpo come gli arti possono essere in posizioni differenti, una cosa difficile da spiegare con una corrente d'acqua. Hanno anche dichiarato che l'essiccamento dei legamenti non può essere il responsabile della posizione. Alicia Cutler e i suoi colleghi della Brigham Young University in Provo, nello Utah, credono che la posa sia relativa all'acqua. Nel 2012, i paleontologi Achim G. Reisdorf e Michael Wuttke hanno pubblicato uno studio relativo alle pose di morte. Secondo le conclusioni di questo studio, la così chiamata “posa opistotonica” non è il risultato di una malattia cerebrale che causa spasmi muscolari, e neanche una rapida sepoltura. Piuttosto, un'immersione del corpo appena prima della morte porta ad un galleggiamento che fa sì che il Ligamentum elasticum tiri la testa e la coda all'indietro. * * Struthiomimus. * Gorgosaurus. * Archaeopteryx. * . * . * Scipionyx. (it)
  • デスポーズとは、恐竜や鳥類化石の骨格が示す特徴的なポーズのことである。 恐竜や鳥類の骨格が連結した状態で見つかる場合、上体を仰け反らせ、尾を伸ばし、口を広く開けた状態で見つかることが多い。この姿勢は俗にデスポーズと呼ばれている。なぜ恐竜たちがこのような姿勢をとったのか、学術的な議論の対象になっている。従来、恐竜が死亡したあとに頸部の背中側にある靭帯が乾燥・収縮することでこのような姿勢になるとか、死体が押し流された際にたまたま水の流れでこうなったに過ぎない などという解釈がなされてきた。 しかし近年、Faux and Padian (2007)は、この姿勢は恐竜が死亡する際に生じた死後硬直の一種、弓なり緊張 (en:opisthotonus)によるものであり、二次的な要因で生じたものではないとした。彼らは、水流が時代も場所も大きく異なる多数の死体をデスポーズの形に配列させたとか、水流が体と手足をバラバラの方向へ配列させたなどという、水流によるデスポーズ形成説は説明不可能であると否定し、靭帯の乾燥・収縮によるデスポーズの形成もありえないと否定した。 (ja)
  • «Поза смерти» — особое расположение сочленённых ископаемых остатков, принадлежащих нептичьим динозаврам, птицам, птерозаврам и некоторым другим архозаврам, состоящее из запрокинутой головы, вытянутого хвоста и широко раскрытого рта. Традиционные объяснения варьируются от наличия сильных связок на шее животного, которые высыхали и сжимались, и тем самым вытягивали тело в позу, до потоков воды, уложивших остатки в это положение. (ru)
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