Doritte (Dorothea) Nippers (died 1571), was a Danish woman who was executed for sorcery. Nippers was a widow with one daughter, and a successful hawker in Helsingör, where she is noted to have been the leader of a group of businesswomen, referred to as "Doritte and her gang". She was involved in a long going conflict with her male business competitors Per Boesen and Bent Hallandsfarer.
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| - Doritte Nippers (en)
- Doritte Nippers (fr)
- Doritte Nippers (sv)
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| - Doritte (Dorothea) Nippers (morte en 1571), est une colportrice danoise accusée et exécutée pour sorcellerie. (fr)
- Doritte (Dorothea) Nippers (died 1571), was a Danish woman who was executed for sorcery. Nippers was a widow with one daughter, and a successful hawker in Helsingör, where she is noted to have been the leader of a group of businesswomen, referred to as "Doritte and her gang". She was involved in a long going conflict with her male business competitors Per Boesen and Bent Hallandsfarer. (en)
- Doritte (Dorothea) Nippers, död 1571, var en dansk hökare. Nippers var en framgångsrik hökare i Helsingör. Hon var änka med en dotter. 1551 anklagades hon för att inte ha betalt skatt, vilket innebar att hon skulle fråntas sin arbetslicens, men hon försvarade sig och vann målet. Hon anklagades också för att ha köpt upp böndernas varor innan de hann sälja dem på torget, något som dock inte var ovanligt. Hon benämns i rättsprotokollen som ledare för kvinnor som drev affärer, en grupp som kallades: “Doritte og hendes anhang”. Hon var i konflikt med konkurrenterna Per Boesen och Bent Hallandsfarer, som hon ska ha hotat med Guds dom om de fortsatte motarbeta hennes affärsmetoder. Under denna tid skärptes begränsningarna i lag mot kvinnor som gjorde affärer eftersom de inte hade status som famil (sv)
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| - Doritte (Dorothea) Nippers (died 1571), was a Danish woman who was executed for sorcery. Nippers was a widow with one daughter, and a successful hawker in Helsingör, where she is noted to have been the leader of a group of businesswomen, referred to as "Doritte and her gang". She was involved in a long going conflict with her male business competitors Per Boesen and Bent Hallandsfarer. In 1551, she was put on trial accused of not paying her taxes and of buying up the products of the farmers before they could put it for sale.She defended herself, won the case and was acquitted of all charges, and warned Per Boesen and Bent Hallandsfarer with divine punishment if they continued to meddle in her business methods. During the following years, the law about women's rights to conduct business was tightened in Denmark as they was not given the status of family providers, and several laws were issued which worsened their terms, such as the ban of women's rights to trade between Helsingør and Helsingborg, and the well known business conflicts of Nippers took place against these changes in Danish business life. In 1571, she was again sued for illegal business transactions. However, this time, the charge included an accusation of witchcraft, and she was pointed out as the witch colleague to another female hawker, Karine Lass Munchs. Doritte Nippers denied the charges. However, she also denied having been involved in the 1551 case, which destroyed her credibility and contributed to her guilty verdict, as she was assumed to be lying about the witch charge as well. Karine Lass Munchs was freed because of the support of her family and other character witnesses, but Nippers was burned at the stake in late 1571. (en)
- Doritte (Dorothea) Nippers (morte en 1571), est une colportrice danoise accusée et exécutée pour sorcellerie. (fr)
- Doritte (Dorothea) Nippers, död 1571, var en dansk hökare. Nippers var en framgångsrik hökare i Helsingör. Hon var änka med en dotter. 1551 anklagades hon för att inte ha betalt skatt, vilket innebar att hon skulle fråntas sin arbetslicens, men hon försvarade sig och vann målet. Hon anklagades också för att ha köpt upp böndernas varor innan de hann sälja dem på torget, något som dock inte var ovanligt. Hon benämns i rättsprotokollen som ledare för kvinnor som drev affärer, en grupp som kallades: “Doritte og hendes anhang”. Hon var i konflikt med konkurrenterna Per Boesen och Bent Hallandsfarer, som hon ska ha hotat med Guds dom om de fortsatte motarbeta hennes affärsmetoder. Under denna tid skärptes begränsningarna i lag mot kvinnor som gjorde affärer eftersom de inte hade status som familjeförsörjare - bl.a. förbjöds de att bedriva handel mellan städerna Helsingør och Helsingborg - och hennes välkända affärskonflikter kan ses mot denna bakgrund. 1571 anklagades hon igen för olagliga handelsmetoder, nu kombinerat med en anklagelse för trolldom: hon sades vara en häxkollega till "häxan" och hökarkollegan Karine Lass Munchs. Hon nekade till trolldom. Hon nekade dock även till att ha varit inblandad i rättsprocessen 1551, vilket gjorde att hon förutsatts ljuga även i trolldomssaken. Hon dömdes därför skyldig och avrättades genom att brännas på bål i slutet av år 1571. Lass Munchs frikänd, då hon stöddes av sin familj. (sv)
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