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In the mathematical theory of minimal surfaces, the double bubble theorem states that the shape that encloses and separates two given volumes and has the minimum possible surface area is a standard double bubble: three spherical surfaces meeting at angles of 120° on a common circle. The double bubble theorem was formulated and thought to be true in the 19th century, and became a "serious focus of research" by 1989, but was not proven until 2002.

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  • Double bubble theorem (en)
  • Conjectura da bolha dupla (pt)
  • Теорема о двойном пузыре (ru)
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  • Na teoria matemática das superfícies mínimas, a conjectura da bolha dupla afirma que a forma que envolve e separa dois volumes dados e tem a mínima possível é uma bolha dupla padrão - duas superfícies esféricas encontrando-se em ângulos de 2/3π em um círculo comum. Isso é agora um teorema, como uma demonstração que foi publicada em 2002. (pt)
  • In the mathematical theory of minimal surfaces, the double bubble theorem states that the shape that encloses and separates two given volumes and has the minimum possible surface area is a standard double bubble: three spherical surfaces meeting at angles of 120° on a common circle. The double bubble theorem was formulated and thought to be true in the 19th century, and became a "serious focus of research" by 1989, but was not proven until 2002. (en)
  • Теорема о двойном пузыре гласит, что стандартный двойной пузырь (то есть три сферические шапки, сходящиеся под углом 120° на общей граничной окружности) имеет минимальную площадь среди всех плёнок, охватывающих и разделяющих два данных объема. Теорема о двойном пузыре обобщает изопериметрическое неравенство, согласно которому оболочка с минимальным периметром любой области представляет собой круг, а оболочка с минимальной площадью поверхности любого отдельного объема представляет собой сферу. (ru)
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  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Ggb_in_soap_bubble_1.jpg
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Curve-shortening_self-similar_lens.svg
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Planar_double_bubbles.svg
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  • Double Bubble (en)
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  • DoubleBubble (en)
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  • In the mathematical theory of minimal surfaces, the double bubble theorem states that the shape that encloses and separates two given volumes and has the minimum possible surface area is a standard double bubble: three spherical surfaces meeting at angles of 120° on a common circle. The double bubble theorem was formulated and thought to be true in the 19th century, and became a "serious focus of research" by 1989, but was not proven until 2002. The proof combines multiple ingredients. Compactness of rectifiable currents (a generalized definition of surfaces) shows that a solution exists. A symmetry argument proves that the solution must be a surface of revolution, and it can be further restricted to having a bounded number of smooth pieces. Jean Taylor's proof of Plateau's laws describes how these pieces must be shaped and connected to each other, and a final case analysis shows that, among surfaces of revolution connected in this way, only the standard double bubble has locally-minimal area. The double bubble theorem extends the isoperimetric inequality, according to which the minimum-perimeter enclosure of any area is a circle, and the minimum-surface-area enclosure of any single volume is a sphere. Analogous results on the optimal enclosure of two volumes generalize to weighted forms of surface energy, to Gaussian measure of surfaces, and to Euclidean spaces of any dimension. (en)
  • Na teoria matemática das superfícies mínimas, a conjectura da bolha dupla afirma que a forma que envolve e separa dois volumes dados e tem a mínima possível é uma bolha dupla padrão - duas superfícies esféricas encontrando-se em ângulos de 2/3π em um círculo comum. Isso é agora um teorema, como uma demonstração que foi publicada em 2002. (pt)
  • Теорема о двойном пузыре гласит, что стандартный двойной пузырь (то есть три сферические шапки, сходящиеся под углом 120° на общей граничной окружности) имеет минимальную площадь среди всех плёнок, охватывающих и разделяющих два данных объема. Доказательство сочетает в себе несколько ингредиентов.Компактность спрямляемых потоков (обобщенных поверхностей) показывает, что решение существует.Симметрия используется для доказательсва, что решение должно быть поверхностью вращения, и имеете ограниченное число гладких кусков.Далее доказывается, что среди поверхностей вращения только стандартный двойной пузырь имеет локально минимальную площадь. Теорема о двойном пузыре обобщает изопериметрическое неравенство, согласно которому оболочка с минимальным периметром любой области представляет собой круг, а оболочка с минимальной площадью поверхности любого отдельного объема представляет собой сферу. (ru)
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