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A dysmorphic feature is an abnormal difference in body structure. It can be an isolated finding in an otherwise normal individual, or it can be related to a congenital disorder, genetic syndrome or birth defect. Dysmorphology is the study of dysmorphic features, their origins and proper nomenclature. One of the key challenges in identifying and describing dysmorphic features is the use and understanding of specific terms between different individuals. Clinical geneticists and pediatriciansare usually those most closely involved with the identification and description of dysmorphic features, as most are apparent during childhood.

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  • Dysmorphie (de)
  • Dysmorphic feature (en)
  • Dysmorphie (fr)
  • Dismorfismo (it)
  • Dysmorfie (nl)
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  • Dysmorphie (aus dem altgriechisch δυς oder δύς zu dys deutsch ‚schlecht‘ [hier ‚fehl-‘] und μορφή morph ‚Form‘ [hier ‚-gestalt‘ oder ‚-bildung‘ wie allgemein das Gebilde]) ist der medizinische Fachausdruck für anlagebedingte Gestaltsauffälligkeiten, die einen fließenden Übergang zur normalen Gestalt aufweisen und für den Träger keine körperliche Beeinträchtigung mit sich bringen. Manche Dysmorphiekombinationen sind für genetische Syndrome kennzeichnend, etwa Down-Syndrom oder KBG-Syndrom. (de)
  • Du grec ancien dys qui exprime une idée de difficulté, de mauvais état et morphe : «qui a la forme de», une dysmorphie est un terme médical qui désigne une anomalie de la forme d'un organe ou autre partie du corps (on parlera couramment d'une dysmorphie faciale). Synonymes : * Dysmorphisme (en médecine uniquement. En psychologie, le dysmorphisme désigne plutôt le décalage pathologique entre la réalité et comment le sujet perçoit son corps.). * Dysmorphose (quand elle touche une partie de l'organisme). * Anomalie morphologique. * Difformité (synonyme moins utilisé[réf. nécessaire]). (fr)
  • Il dismorfismo è un'alterazione morfologica cronicizzata a carico dello scheletro e che, quindi, non recede facilmente ma tende a peggiorare.Possono essere classificati in simmetrici e asimmetrici. Sono simmetrici quei dismorfismi che provocano un dislivello sul piano sagittale, sono asimmetrici, invece, quelli che lo provocano sul piano frontale. Un esempio di dismorfismo potrebbe essere la scoliosi.I dismorfismi portano a delle modificazioni strutturali della normale morfologia corporea. I paramorfismi sono delle degenerazioni composte. (it)
  • A dysmorphic feature is an abnormal difference in body structure. It can be an isolated finding in an otherwise normal individual, or it can be related to a congenital disorder, genetic syndrome or birth defect. Dysmorphology is the study of dysmorphic features, their origins and proper nomenclature. One of the key challenges in identifying and describing dysmorphic features is the use and understanding of specific terms between different individuals. Clinical geneticists and pediatriciansare usually those most closely involved with the identification and description of dysmorphic features, as most are apparent during childhood. (en)
  • Dysmorfie is in de geneeskunde een term die afwijkingen van het gelaat en het lichaam beschrijft. Een dysmorf kenmerk kan op zichzelf staan, maar ook een onderdeel zijn van een syndroom. Voorbeelden zijn afwijkingen in het gelaat, zoals een brede afstand tussen de ogen, maar ook een verkorte lengte van de bovenarmen en bovenbenen, hetgeen ook wel rizomele verkorting wordt genoemd. (nl)
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  • Dysmorphie (aus dem altgriechisch δυς oder δύς zu dys deutsch ‚schlecht‘ [hier ‚fehl-‘] und μορφή morph ‚Form‘ [hier ‚-gestalt‘ oder ‚-bildung‘ wie allgemein das Gebilde]) ist der medizinische Fachausdruck für anlagebedingte Gestaltsauffälligkeiten, die einen fließenden Übergang zur normalen Gestalt aufweisen und für den Träger keine körperliche Beeinträchtigung mit sich bringen. Manche Dysmorphiekombinationen sind für genetische Syndrome kennzeichnend, etwa Down-Syndrom oder KBG-Syndrom. (de)
  • A dysmorphic feature is an abnormal difference in body structure. It can be an isolated finding in an otherwise normal individual, or it can be related to a congenital disorder, genetic syndrome or birth defect. Dysmorphology is the study of dysmorphic features, their origins and proper nomenclature. One of the key challenges in identifying and describing dysmorphic features is the use and understanding of specific terms between different individuals. Clinical geneticists and pediatriciansare usually those most closely involved with the identification and description of dysmorphic features, as most are apparent during childhood. Dysmorphic features can vary from isolated, mild anomalies such as clinodactyly or synophrys to severe congenital anomalies, such as heart defects and holoprosencephaly. In some cases, dysmorphic features are part of a larger clinical picture, sometimes known as a sequence, syndrome or association. Recognizing the patterns of dysmorphic features is an important part of a geneticist's diagnostic process, as many genetic disease present with a common collection of features. There are several commercially available databases that allow clinicians to input their observed features in a patient to generate a differential diagnosis. These databases are not infallible, as they require on the clinician to provide their own experience, particularly when the observed clinical features are general. A male child with short stature and hypertelorism could have several different disorders, as these findings are not highly specific. However a finding such as 2,3-toe syndactyly raises the index of suspicion for Smith-Lemli-Opitz Syndrome. Most open source projects that perform phenotype-driven disease or gene prioritization work with the terminology of the Human Phenotype Ontology. This controlled vocabulary can be used to describe the clinical features of a patient and is suitable for machine learning approaches. Publicly accessible databases that labs use to deposit their diagnostic findings, such as ClinVar, can be used to build knowledge graphs to explore the clinical feature space. Dysmorphic features are invariably present from birth, although some are not immediately apparent upon visual inspection. They can be divided into groups based on their origin, including malformations (abnormal development), disruptions (damage to previously normal tissue), deformations (damage caused by an outside physical force) and dysplasias (abnormal growth or organization within a tissue). (en)
  • Du grec ancien dys qui exprime une idée de difficulté, de mauvais état et morphe : «qui a la forme de», une dysmorphie est un terme médical qui désigne une anomalie de la forme d'un organe ou autre partie du corps (on parlera couramment d'une dysmorphie faciale). Synonymes : * Dysmorphisme (en médecine uniquement. En psychologie, le dysmorphisme désigne plutôt le décalage pathologique entre la réalité et comment le sujet perçoit son corps.). * Dysmorphose (quand elle touche une partie de l'organisme). * Anomalie morphologique. * Difformité (synonyme moins utilisé[réf. nécessaire]). (fr)
  • Il dismorfismo è un'alterazione morfologica cronicizzata a carico dello scheletro e che, quindi, non recede facilmente ma tende a peggiorare.Possono essere classificati in simmetrici e asimmetrici. Sono simmetrici quei dismorfismi che provocano un dislivello sul piano sagittale, sono asimmetrici, invece, quelli che lo provocano sul piano frontale. Un esempio di dismorfismo potrebbe essere la scoliosi.I dismorfismi portano a delle modificazioni strutturali della normale morfologia corporea. I paramorfismi sono delle degenerazioni composte. (it)
  • Dysmorfie is in de geneeskunde een term die afwijkingen van het gelaat en het lichaam beschrijft. Een dysmorf kenmerk kan op zichzelf staan, maar ook een onderdeel zijn van een syndroom. Voorbeelden zijn afwijkingen in het gelaat, zoals een brede afstand tussen de ogen, maar ook een verkorte lengte van de bovenarmen en bovenbenen, hetgeen ook wel rizomele verkorting wordt genoemd. Sommige dysmorfe kenmerken leveren geen problemen op voor een patiënt en zijn ook geen onderdeel van een onderliggend syndroom. Dysmorfe kenmerken kunnen wel een cosmetisch of functioneel probleem vormen. Niet alle dysmorfe kenmerken hebben dezelfde medisch betekenis: kleine afwijkingen behoeven geen verder onderzoek, maar meerdere grote afwijkingen kunnen wijzen in de richting van een erfelijke afwijking. Niet alle dysmore kenmerken zijn meetbaar, hoewel ze wel zichtbaar zijn. Voorbeelden zijn een neerwaartse of opwaartse oogstand, lange wimpers en een . Een dysmorf kenmerk is niet hetzelfde als een misvorming, aangezien de oorzaak daarvan ligt in externe factoren. Een voorbeeld is het ontstaan van klompvoeten bij oligohydramnion. (nl)
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