The Economic System of Socialism (ESS) was an economic policy implemented in East Germany between 1968 and 1970, which was introduced and led by the country's autocratic leader, Walter Ulbricht. It focused on high technology sectors in an attempt to make self-sufficient growth possible. Overall, centralized planning was reintroduced in the so-called structure-determining areas, which included electronics, chemicals, and plastics. Industrial combines were formed to vertically integrate industries involved in the manufacture of vital final products. Price subsidies were restored to accelerate growth in favored sectors.
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| - Einheit von Wirtschafts- und Sozialpolitik (de)
- Economic System of Socialism (en)
- Sistema economico del socialismo (it)
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| - Als Einheit von Wirtschafts- und Sozialpolitik bezeichnet man das Konzept der Wirtschaftspolitik der DDR, welches der VIII. Parteitag der SED im Juni 1971 beschloss. Mit dem Beschluss wurde das „Neue Ökonomische System der Planung und Leitung“ abgelöst. Durch die Neuausrichtung der Wirtschaftspolitik sollte der Lebensstandard erhöht werden und darauf aufbauend die Produktivität steigen. „Der VIII. Parteitag setzte einen Kurs ins Werk, an dessen Ende das Ende stand. Der Parteitag war der Anfang dieses Endes, die – in den Worten von André Müller sen. – Wende vor der Wende.“ (de)
- The Economic System of Socialism (ESS) was an economic policy implemented in East Germany between 1968 and 1970, which was introduced and led by the country's autocratic leader, Walter Ulbricht. It focused on high technology sectors in an attempt to make self-sufficient growth possible. Overall, centralized planning was reintroduced in the so-called structure-determining areas, which included electronics, chemicals, and plastics. Industrial combines were formed to vertically integrate industries involved in the manufacture of vital final products. Price subsidies were restored to accelerate growth in favored sectors. (en)
- Il sistema economico del socialismo rappresentò una politica economica implementata nella Repubblica Democratica Tedesca tra il 1968 e il 1970 dal Segretario generale del Partito Socialista Unificato di Germania (SED) Walter Ulbricht. La manovra si concentrava sui settori dell'alta tecnologia per cercare di rendere possibile la crescita dell'autosufficienza. Inoltre, la pianificazione centrale venne reintrodotta nelle suddette aree, come nell'industria elettronica, chimica e plastica. Furono creati dei kombinate industriali per integrare verticalmente le industrie coinvolte nella produzione di prodotti finali importanti. I sussidi per i prezzi furono reintrodotti per accelerare la crescita nei settori favoriti. (it)
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| - Als Einheit von Wirtschafts- und Sozialpolitik bezeichnet man das Konzept der Wirtschaftspolitik der DDR, welches der VIII. Parteitag der SED im Juni 1971 beschloss. Mit dem Beschluss wurde das „Neue Ökonomische System der Planung und Leitung“ abgelöst. Durch die Neuausrichtung der Wirtschaftspolitik sollte der Lebensstandard erhöht werden und darauf aufbauend die Produktivität steigen. „Der VIII. Parteitag setzte einen Kurs ins Werk, an dessen Ende das Ende stand. Der Parteitag war der Anfang dieses Endes, die – in den Worten von André Müller sen. – Wende vor der Wende.“ (de)
- The Economic System of Socialism (ESS) was an economic policy implemented in East Germany between 1968 and 1970, which was introduced and led by the country's autocratic leader, Walter Ulbricht. It focused on high technology sectors in an attempt to make self-sufficient growth possible. Overall, centralized planning was reintroduced in the so-called structure-determining areas, which included electronics, chemicals, and plastics. Industrial combines were formed to vertically integrate industries involved in the manufacture of vital final products. Price subsidies were restored to accelerate growth in favored sectors. The annual plan for 1968 set production quotas 2.6% higher in the structure-determining areas than in the remaining sectors in order to achieve industrial growth in these areas. The state set the 1969–1970 goals for high-technology sectors even higher still. Failure to meet the ESS's goals resulted in the termination of the reform effort in 1970. (en)
- Il sistema economico del socialismo rappresentò una politica economica implementata nella Repubblica Democratica Tedesca tra il 1968 e il 1970 dal Segretario generale del Partito Socialista Unificato di Germania (SED) Walter Ulbricht. La manovra si concentrava sui settori dell'alta tecnologia per cercare di rendere possibile la crescita dell'autosufficienza. Inoltre, la pianificazione centrale venne reintrodotta nelle suddette aree, come nell'industria elettronica, chimica e plastica. Furono creati dei kombinate industriali per integrare verticalmente le industrie coinvolte nella produzione di prodotti finali importanti. I sussidi per i prezzi furono reintrodotti per accelerare la crescita nei settori favoriti. Il piano annuale per il 1968 aumentò del 2,6 % le nelle aree determinati rispetto a quelle dei settori rimanenti per ottenere una crescita industriale nelle aree prescelte. Lo stato fissò inoltre degli obbiettivi per il 1960-1970 ancora più alti per i settori dell'alta tecnologia. Il fallimento della politica portò alla sua interruzione nel 1970. (it)
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