In science, an effective theory is a scientific theory which proposes to describe a certain set of observations, but explicitly without the claim or implication that the mechanism employed in the theory has a direct counterpart in the actual causes of the observed phenomena to which the theory is fitted. That means, the theory proposes to model a certain effect, without proposing to adequately model any of the causes which contribute to the effect.
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| - Effektive Theorie (de)
- Effective theory (en)
- 有效理論 (zh)
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| - Als Effektive Theorie wird in der Wissenschaft, gewöhnlich in der Physik, eine Theorie bezeichnet, die eine tiefere, zugrundeliegende Theorie vereinfachend oder zusammenfassend darstellt. Eine effektive Theorie erlaubt einfachere Berechnungen, solange die mikroskopischen Eigenschaften gemittelt werden können. Effektive Theorien stellen oft die einzig praktikable Methode dar, ein Phänomen wissenschaftlich zu untersuchen.Es ist dabei notwendig, die Betrachtungen innerhalb der Grenzen der effektiven Theorie durchzuführen; andernfalls werden die Ergebnisse falsch. (de)
- 有效理論是指一個科學理論，它試著去描述一些現象，然而並未解釋其理論中的解釋現象機制是由何而來。這意味著這個理論給出了「有效」的模型，但並未真正給出一個真正充分的理由去給出這個模型。 因此，我們可以說有效場論就是一種有效理論，它用於描述固態物理中的現象，例如：BCS理論。有效場論會將固態晶格的振動視作一種場（這代表它不是一個「真正」的場），稱為聲子。這類有效場論所描述的有效粒子一般稱作準粒子。 某個層面來說，量子場論以及任何現行的物理理論都屬由有效理論。它們都是目前仍未知的萬有理論在「低能量極限」下的「有效」描述。 (zh)
- In science, an effective theory is a scientific theory which proposes to describe a certain set of observations, but explicitly without the claim or implication that the mechanism employed in the theory has a direct counterpart in the actual causes of the observed phenomena to which the theory is fitted. That means, the theory proposes to model a certain effect, without proposing to adequately model any of the causes which contribute to the effect. (en)
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| - Als Effektive Theorie wird in der Wissenschaft, gewöhnlich in der Physik, eine Theorie bezeichnet, die eine tiefere, zugrundeliegende Theorie vereinfachend oder zusammenfassend darstellt. Eine effektive Theorie erlaubt einfachere Berechnungen, solange die mikroskopischen Eigenschaften gemittelt werden können. Effektive Theorien stellen oft die einzig praktikable Methode dar, ein Phänomen wissenschaftlich zu untersuchen.Es ist dabei notwendig, die Betrachtungen innerhalb der Grenzen der effektiven Theorie durchzuführen; andernfalls werden die Ergebnisse falsch. (de)
- In science, an effective theory is a scientific theory which proposes to describe a certain set of observations, but explicitly without the claim or implication that the mechanism employed in the theory has a direct counterpart in the actual causes of the observed phenomena to which the theory is fitted. That means, the theory proposes to model a certain effect, without proposing to adequately model any of the causes which contribute to the effect. For example, effective field theory is a set of tools used to describe physical theories when there is a hierarchy of scales. Effective field theories in physics can include quantum field theories in which the fields are treated as fundamental, and effective theories describing phenomena in solid-state physics. For instance, the BCS theory of superconduction treats vibrations of the solid-state lattice as a "field" (i.e. without claiming that there is "really" a field), with its own field quanta, called phonons. Such "effective particles" derived from effective fields are also known as quasiparticles. In a certain sense, quantum field theory, and any other currently known physical theory, could be described as "effective", as in being the "low energy limit" of an as-yet unknown "Theory of Everything". (en)
- 有效理論是指一個科學理論，它試著去描述一些現象，然而並未解釋其理論中的解釋現象機制是由何而來。這意味著這個理論給出了「有效」的模型，但並未真正給出一個真正充分的理由去給出這個模型。 因此，我們可以說有效場論就是一種有效理論，它用於描述固態物理中的現象，例如：BCS理論。有效場論會將固態晶格的振動視作一種場（這代表它不是一個「真正」的場），稱為聲子。這類有效場論所描述的有效粒子一般稱作準粒子。 某個層面來說，量子場論以及任何現行的物理理論都屬由有效理論。它們都是目前仍未知的萬有理論在「低能量極限」下的「有效」描述。 (zh)
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