Esther E. Baldwin (née , Jerman; pen name, Mrs. S. L. Baldwin; November 8, 1840 – February 26, 1910), known as "Chinese Champion", was an American missionary, teacher, translator, writer, and editor. She understood the religious and political problems of China, and the Chinese people, as perhaps no other woman in this country did at that time. She labored constantly to bring about a better understanding between the two nations. Baldwin served as president of the New York Woman's Missionary Society for two decades.