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The first phase of European colonisation of Southeast Asia took place throughout the 16th and 17th centuries. They wanted to gain monopoly over the spice trade as this trade was very valuable to the Europeans due to high demand for various spices such as pepper, cinnamon, nutmeg, and cloves. This demand led to the arrival of Portuguese, Spanish, Dutch and later French and British marine spice traders. Fiercely competitive, the Europeans soon sought to eliminate each other by forcibly taking control of the production centres, trade hubs and vital strategic locations, beginning with the Portuguese acquisition of Malacca in 1511. Throughout the 17th and 18th centuries, conquests focused on ports along the maritime routes, that provided a secure passage of maritime trade. It also allowed forei

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  • الاستعمار الأوروبي لجنوب شرق آسيا (ar)
  • European colonisation of Southeast Asia (en)
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  • حدثت المرحلة الأولى من الاستعمار الأوروبي لجنوب شرق آسيا (بالإنجليزية: European colonisation of Southeast Asia)‏ على امتداد القرنين السادس عشر والسابع عشر بعد وصول تجار التوابل الهولنديين والبرتغاليين والإسبان الذين تبعهم الفرنسيون والبريطانيون لاحقًا عن طريق البحر. وبتنافسية عنيفة، أمل الأوروبيون إقصاء بعضهم البعض عن طريق فرض السيطرة عنوةً على مراكز الإنتاج، وإبدال المحاور والمواقع الاستراتيجية الحيوية، بدءًا من الاستملاك البرتغالي لمالقة عام 1511. ركزت الغزوات على طول القرنين السابع عشر والثامن عشر على موانئ الطرق الملاحية، الأمر الذي وفّر معبرًا آمنًا للتجارة البحرية. ومكن الحكام الأجانب أيضًا من جباية الضرائب والتحكم بأسعار البضائع جنوب الآسيوية الأكثر طلبًا. بحلول القرن التاسع عشر، أُجبرت كل الأراضي جنوب الآسيوية فعليًا على اتباع مجالات التأثير المتعددة للاعبين الأوروبيين العالميين. ك (ar)
  • The first phase of European colonisation of Southeast Asia took place throughout the 16th and 17th centuries. They wanted to gain monopoly over the spice trade as this trade was very valuable to the Europeans due to high demand for various spices such as pepper, cinnamon, nutmeg, and cloves. This demand led to the arrival of Portuguese, Spanish, Dutch and later French and British marine spice traders. Fiercely competitive, the Europeans soon sought to eliminate each other by forcibly taking control of the production centres, trade hubs and vital strategic locations, beginning with the Portuguese acquisition of Malacca in 1511. Throughout the 17th and 18th centuries, conquests focused on ports along the maritime routes, that provided a secure passage of maritime trade. It also allowed forei (en)
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