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| - Die Fünf Strafen (五刑) war eine Sammelbezeichnung für die Arten von Bestrafung, die vor und während der Zeit des chinesischen Kaiserreichs verhängt wurde. Mit der Zeit sind bestimmte Formen der Strafe abgeschafft oder geändert worden. Die Fünf Strafen waren zwar ein wesentlicher Teil des Strafvollzugs, aber nicht die einzige Form der Bestrafung. (de)
- The Five Punishments (Chinese: 五刑; pinyin: wǔ xíng; Cantonese Yale: ńgh yìhng) was the collective name for a series of physical penalties meted out by the legal system of pre-modern dynastic China. Over time, the nature of the Five Punishments varied. Before the time of Western Han dynasty Emperor Han Wendi (r. 180–157 BC) they involved tattooing, cutting off the nose, amputation of one or both feet, castration and death. Following the Sui and Tang dynasties (581–907 AD) these were changed to penal servitude, banishment, death, or corporal punishment in the form of whipping with bamboo strips or flogging with a stick. Although the Five Punishments were an important part of Dynastic China's penal system they were not the only methods of punishment used. (en)
- Lima Hukuman (Hanzi: 五刑; Pinyin: wǔ xíng; Yale (Bahasa Kanton): ńgh yìhng) adalah nama kolektif untuk serangkaian hukuman fisik yang diberlakukan oleh sistem hukum pra-modern. Sepanjang waktu, Lima Hukuman tersebut beragam. Sebelum zaman Kaisar dinasti Han Barat (memerintah pada 180–157 SM), hukuman-hukuman tersebut meliputi , , amputasi satu atau dua kaki, kebiri dan hukuman mati. Setelah zaman dinasti-dinasti Sui dan Tang (581–907 M), hukuman tersebut diubah menjadi , pembuangan, hukuman mati atau hukuman fisik dalam bentuk didera dengan sebilah bambu atau tongkat. Meskipun Lima Hukuman tersebut adalah bagian penting dari sistem hukuman Dinasti Tiongkok, hukuman-hukuman tersebut bukanlah satu-satunya metode hukuman yang dipakai. (in)
- 오형(五刑)은 현대 이전의 의 법률 체계에 의해 할당된 일련의 육체적 형벌들을 총체적으로 부르는 이름이다. 시간이 흐름에 따라 오형의 본성은 다양하였다. 전한 문제(기원전 180~157년) 이전까지는 문신, 코 자르기, 한 발 또는 두 발의 절단, 거세, 사망이 수반되었다. 수나라, 당나라(581~907년) 시기에 이 형벌들은 징역, 유배, 사망, 태형으로 변화되었다. 오형이 중국 왕조의 형벌 체계의 중요한 부분이었으나, 이것들이 수행된 처벌의 유일한 방식은 아니었다. (ko)
- 五刑（ごけい）とは、古代中国の刑罰体系。日本にも律令法とともに伝わって五罪（ござい）とも呼ばれた。 (ja)
- As Cinco Punições (chinês :五刑; pinyin: wǔ xíng; cantonês Yale: ńgh yìhng) era o nome coletivo para uma série de penalidades físicas impostas pelo sistema legal da China dinástica pré-moderna. Ao longo do tempo, a natureza das Cinco Punições variou. Antes da época da dinastia Han ocidental, o imperador Han Wendi (r. 180–157 a.C) envolvia tatuagem, corte do nariz, amputação de um ou ambos os pés, castração e morte. Após as dinastias Sui e Tang (581–907 d.C), estes foram alterados para servidão penal, banimento, morte ou punição corporal na forma de chicotear com tiras de bambu ou açoitar com uma vara. Embora os Cinco Castigos fossem uma parte importante do sistema penal da China Dinástica, eles não eram os únicos métodos de punição usados. (pt)
- 五刑是漢字文化圈古代五种刑罚之统称，在不同时期和地區，五种刑罚的具体所指皆不相同。在西汉文帝前，五刑指墨、劓、刖、宫、大辟；汉文帝废除肉刑之後，五刑则指笞、杖、徒、流、死。五刑是对東亞古代刑罚的部分概括，不代表全部刑罚制度。 (zh)
- De Vijf Straffen (五刑, Wǔ Xíng) vormden tijdens het keizerrijk eeuwenland de basis voor het Chinese strafrecht. Het concept van de Vijf Straffen is duizenden jaren oud, maar vanaf de Sui-dynastie (581-618) werden de Vijf Straffen steevast opgenomen in de wetboeken die elke dynastie bij haar stichting publiceerde. In deze wetboeken werd vastgelegd welke straf bij welke misdaad diende te worden toegepast. Het concept van de Vijf Straffen werd ook in andere landen in Oost-Azië toegepast. (nl)
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