Flying cash (Chinese: 飛錢), or Feipiao, was a type of paper negotiable instrument used during China's Tang dynasty invented by merchants but adopted by the state. Its name came from their ability to transfer cash across vast distances without physically transporting it. It is a precursor to true banknotes which appeared during the Song dynasty.
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| - Dinero volador (es)
- Flying cash (en)
- 飛銭 (ja)
- 비전 (화폐) (ko)
- 飛錢 (zh)
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| - El dinero volador (飛 錢) fue un tipo de instrumento negociable de papel utilizado durante la dinastía Tang de China, inventado por comerciantes pero adoptado por el estado. Su nombre proviene de su capacidad para transferir efectivo a través de grandes distancias sin transportarlo físicamente. Es un precursor de los verdaderos billetes que aparecieron durante la dinastía Song. (es)
- 비전(飛銭), 또는 편전(便銭) ・ 편환(便換)은 중국 당(唐), 송(宋) 시기의 송금 어음 제도를 가리킨다. 이미 한대(漢代)에 비전이 존재했을 가능성도 있으나, 그 후의 전란으로 이와 같은 제도를 유지할 정치 · 경제적인 전제 조건이 붕괴하면서 당 후기까지 살아나지 않았다고 여겨지며, 때문에 비전은 당 이후의 제도로서 파악하는 것이 통설이다. (ko)
- 飛銭（ひせん）は、便銭（びんせん）・便換（びんかん）とも呼ばれ、唐宋期の送金手形制度を指す。 漢代には飛銭が存在した可能性もあるものの、その後の戦乱によってこうした制度を維持する政治的・経済的な前提条件が崩壊して、唐の後期まで復活しなかったと考えられているため、唐以後の制度として捉えるのが通説である。 (ja)
- 飛錢，是中國歷史上的一種匯票，是唐宪宗时代产生的一种汇兑制度，当时经济日益发展，铜钱数量不足，當時黃金、白銀流通量少，加上铜钱笨重携带不便，因而产生此种汇兑方式：商人在京城把钱交给诸军、诸節度使、诸道进奏院或者富豪門閥等單位，單位開立票券，商人可携券到其它地区的辦事處取钱。 这种汇兑方式减低了铜钱的需求，缓和钱币的不足，同时减轻了商人貿易時携带钱币的不便。由於飞钱輕便，又有一些官員或富豪的保證，在大額交易時，有些商人會直接使用飞钱，故飞钱是迄今为止已知的纸币雏形，比宋代交子要早两百年，到了宋代纸币才开始作为一种地方货币由政府在四川发行。 (zh)
- Flying cash (Chinese: 飛錢), or Feipiao, was a type of paper negotiable instrument used during China's Tang dynasty invented by merchants but adopted by the state. Its name came from their ability to transfer cash across vast distances without physically transporting it. It is a precursor to true banknotes which appeared during the Song dynasty. (en)
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| - Flying cash (Chinese: 飛錢), or Feipiao, was a type of paper negotiable instrument used during China's Tang dynasty invented by merchants but adopted by the state. Its name came from their ability to transfer cash across vast distances without physically transporting it. It is a precursor to true banknotes which appeared during the Song dynasty. According to the New Book of Tang, in the year 804, merchants were using flying cash. Between 805 and 820 there was a shortage of copper cash coins which proved to be a hindrance for daily business transactions in the Tang dynasty. The creation of the flying cash happened after a tax reform that allowed for the partial acceptance of taxes in money, which had increased the demand for currency which scared the government that merchants would remove cash coins from the capital to circulate so they ordered the local governments to set up monetary systems based on silk, other fabrics, and daily items akin to barter which hampered long-distance trade in the Tang dynasty and harmed the national economy. The people that had the largest benefit from the introduction of flying cash were tea merchants and these merchants helped improve the trade between the capital and the regions. Originally the government of the Tang dynasty was less than receptive to the idea of bills of exchange and had attempted banning them on multiple occasions, but in 812 flying cash were officially accepted as a valid means of exchange. After the government had accepted these bills the supervision of flying cash was handled by the Ministry of Revenue (戶部), the Tax Bureau (度支司), and the Salt Monopoly Bureau (鹽錢司). The state began printing their own notes. Flying cash would remain in use until the early period of the Song dynasty. (en)
- El dinero volador (飛 錢) fue un tipo de instrumento negociable de papel utilizado durante la dinastía Tang de China, inventado por comerciantes pero adoptado por el estado. Su nombre proviene de su capacidad para transferir efectivo a través de grandes distancias sin transportarlo físicamente. Es un precursor de los verdaderos billetes que aparecieron durante la dinastía Song. (es)
- 비전(飛銭), 또는 편전(便銭) ・ 편환(便換)은 중국 당(唐), 송(宋) 시기의 송금 어음 제도를 가리킨다. 이미 한대(漢代)에 비전이 존재했을 가능성도 있으나, 그 후의 전란으로 이와 같은 제도를 유지할 정치 · 경제적인 전제 조건이 붕괴하면서 당 후기까지 살아나지 않았다고 여겨지며, 때문에 비전은 당 이후의 제도로서 파악하는 것이 통설이다. (ko)
- 飛銭（ひせん）は、便銭（びんせん）・便換（びんかん）とも呼ばれ、唐宋期の送金手形制度を指す。 漢代には飛銭が存在した可能性もあるものの、その後の戦乱によってこうした制度を維持する政治的・経済的な前提条件が崩壊して、唐の後期まで復活しなかったと考えられているため、唐以後の制度として捉えるのが通説である。 (ja)
- 飛錢，是中國歷史上的一種匯票，是唐宪宗时代产生的一种汇兑制度，当时经济日益发展，铜钱数量不足，當時黃金、白銀流通量少，加上铜钱笨重携带不便，因而产生此种汇兑方式：商人在京城把钱交给诸军、诸節度使、诸道进奏院或者富豪門閥等單位，單位開立票券，商人可携券到其它地区的辦事處取钱。 这种汇兑方式减低了铜钱的需求，缓和钱币的不足，同时减轻了商人貿易時携带钱币的不便。由於飞钱輕便，又有一些官員或富豪的保證，在大額交易時，有些商人會直接使用飞钱，故飞钱是迄今为止已知的纸币雏形，比宋代交子要早两百年，到了宋代纸币才开始作为一种地方货币由政府在四川发行。 (zh)
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