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In linguistics, the term formalism is used in a variety of meanings which relate to formal linguistics in different ways. In common usage, it is merely synonymous with a grammatical model or a syntactic model: a method for analyzing sentence structures. Such formalisms include different methodologies of generative grammar which are especially designed to produce grammatically correct strings of words; or the likes of Functional Discourse Grammar which builds on predicate logic.

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  • Formalism (linguistics) (en)
  • Formalismo (linguística) (pt)
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  • In linguistics, the term formalism is used in a variety of meanings which relate to formal linguistics in different ways. In common usage, it is merely synonymous with a grammatical model or a syntactic model: a method for analyzing sentence structures. Such formalisms include different methodologies of generative grammar which are especially designed to produce grammatically correct strings of words; or the likes of Functional Discourse Grammar which builds on predicate logic. (en)
  • No campo da linguística, o termo formalismo possui diversos significados que se relacionam com a linguística formal de diferentes maneiras. No uso corrente, é apenas sinônimo de um modelo gramatical ou um modelo sintático: um método para analisar estruturas de frases. Tais formalismos incluem diferentes metodologias da gramática gerativa, que são especialmente projetadas para produzir cadeias de palavras gramaticalmente bem formadas, ou de correntes similares à Gramática Funcional, que tem sua base na lógica de predicados. (pt)
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  • In linguistics, the term formalism is used in a variety of meanings which relate to formal linguistics in different ways. In common usage, it is merely synonymous with a grammatical model or a syntactic model: a method for analyzing sentence structures. Such formalisms include different methodologies of generative grammar which are especially designed to produce grammatically correct strings of words; or the likes of Functional Discourse Grammar which builds on predicate logic. Additionally, formalism can be thought of as a theory of language. This is most commonly a reference to mathematical formalism which argues that syntax is purely axiomatic being based on sequences generated by mathematical operations. This idea stands in contradistinction to psychologism and logicism which, respectively, argue that syntax is based on human psychology; or on semantic a priori structures which exist independently of humans. (en)
  • No campo da linguística, o termo formalismo possui diversos significados que se relacionam com a linguística formal de diferentes maneiras. No uso corrente, é apenas sinônimo de um modelo gramatical ou um modelo sintático: um método para analisar estruturas de frases. Tais formalismos incluem diferentes metodologias da gramática gerativa, que são especialmente projetadas para produzir cadeias de palavras gramaticalmente bem formadas, ou de correntes similares à Gramática Funcional, que tem sua base na lógica de predicados. Ademais, o formalismo pode ser pensado como uma teoria da linguagem. Em geral, isso é uma referência ao formalismo matemático, que defende que a sintaxe é puramente axiomática, tendo sua base em sequências geradas por operações matemáticas. Essa ideia se contrapõe ao psicologismo e ao logicismo, que argumentam, respectivamente, que a sintaxe se baseia na psicologia humana, ou em estruturas semânticas formadas a priori, que existem independentemente dos humanos. (pt)
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