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In physics, in particular in special relativity and general relativity, a four-velocity is a four-vector in four-dimensional spacetime that represents the relativistic counterpart of velocity, which is a three-dimensional vector in space.

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  • Cuadrivelocidad (es)
  • Four-velocity (en)
  • Quadrivitesse (fr)
  • Quadrivelocità (it)
  • 사차원 속도 (ko)
  • Quadrivelocidade (pt)
  • 四维速度 (zh)
rdfs:comment
  • La cuadrivelocidad es una magnitud vectorial asociada al movimiento de una partícula, usada en el contexto de la teoría de la relatividad, que es tangente a la trayectoria de dicha partícula a través del espacio-tiempo cuatridimiensional que generaliza el concepto de velocidad de la mecánica newtoniana. (es)
  • En physique, en particulier en relativité restreinte et en relativité générale, la quadrivitesse d'un objet est un quadrivecteur généralisant le vecteur vitesse en mécanique classique. (fr)
  • In fisica, in particolare nella teoria della relatività ristretta e in relatività generale, la quadrivelocità di un oggetto è un quadrivettore, ambientato nello spaziotempo di Minkowski, che generalizza la velocità tridimensionale definita nella meccanica classica. Si tratta di una grandezza cinematica tale per cui la velocità della luce è costante in ogni sistema di riferimento inerziale. (it)
  • 특수 상대성 이론에서, 물체의 사차원 속도(四次元速度, 영어: four-velocity)는 로런츠 인자 와 고유속도(proper velocity(=celerity)) 로 이루어진 사차원 벡터 다. 물체가 시공간을 얼마나 빨리 이동하는지 나타내는 값으로 해석할 수 있다. 이름과 달리, 그 공간 성분은 (삼차원) 속도 가 아니라 고유속도(proper velocity(=celerity))이다. 다(삼차원 속도는 그 어느 사차원 벡터의 공간 성분도 이루지 않는다). (ko)
  • A quadrivelocidade é uma grandeza vetorial associada com o movimento de uma partícula, utilizada no contexto da teoria da relatividade, que é tangente a trajetória de uma partícula através do espaço-tempo tetradimensional que generaliza o conceito de velocidade da mecânica newtoniana. (pt)
  • 四维速度(英語:Four-velocity)是指物理学中,特别是狭义相对论和广义相对论中,一个物体的四维速度是取代经典意义上的速度(三维矢量)的四维矢量(四维时空中的矢量)。选取四维速度的原因是四维速度在洛伦兹变换下是协变的,而三维速度不是;换句话说,这么选取可以使光速在任意惯性系下保持不变。 相对论理论中一个事件是在四维时空内的坐标描述的,一个物体在时空中运动产生的轨迹曲线是通过固有时这个参数实现参数化的,而这条曲线称作世界线。四维速度是一维时间与三维空间坐标对固有时的改变率所构成的矢量,同时也是世界线的。 作为比较,在经典力学中事件是通过它们在每一时刻上在三维空间中的坐标描述的,它们在三维空间中的轨迹是通过时间这个参数实现参数化的。经典速度是三维空间坐标对时间的改变率所构成的矢量,同时也是轨迹的切向矢量。 在狭义相对论的框架中,四维速度的大小(模)总是和光速的大小相等。 (zh)
  • In physics, in particular in special relativity and general relativity, a four-velocity is a four-vector in four-dimensional spacetime that represents the relativistic counterpart of velocity, which is a three-dimensional vector in space. (en)
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  • In physics, in particular in special relativity and general relativity, a four-velocity is a four-vector in four-dimensional spacetime that represents the relativistic counterpart of velocity, which is a three-dimensional vector in space. Physical events correspond to mathematical points in time and space, the set of all of them together forming a mathematical model of physical four-dimensional spacetime. The history of an object traces a curve in spacetime, called its world line. If the object has mass, so that its speed is necessarily less than the speed of light, the world line may be parametrized by the proper time of the object. The four-velocity is the rate of change of four-position with respect to the proper time along the curve. The velocity, in contrast, is the rate of change of the position in (three-dimensional) space of the object, as seen by an observer, with respect to the observer's time. The value of the magnitude of an object's four-velocity, i.e. the quantity obtained by applying the metric tensor g to the four-velocity U, that is ||U||2 = U ⋅ U = gμνUνUμ, is always equal to ±c2, where c is the speed of light. Whether the plus or minus sign applies depends on the choice of metric signature. For an object at rest its four-velocity is parallel to the direction of the time coordinate with U0 = c. A four-velocity is thus the normalized future-directed timelike tangent vector to a world line, and is a contravariant vector. Though it is a vector, addition of two four-velocities does not yield a four-velocity: the space of four-velocities is not itself a vector space. (en)
  • La cuadrivelocidad es una magnitud vectorial asociada al movimiento de una partícula, usada en el contexto de la teoría de la relatividad, que es tangente a la trayectoria de dicha partícula a través del espacio-tiempo cuatridimiensional que generaliza el concepto de velocidad de la mecánica newtoniana. (es)
  • En physique, en particulier en relativité restreinte et en relativité générale, la quadrivitesse d'un objet est un quadrivecteur généralisant le vecteur vitesse en mécanique classique. (fr)
  • In fisica, in particolare nella teoria della relatività ristretta e in relatività generale, la quadrivelocità di un oggetto è un quadrivettore, ambientato nello spaziotempo di Minkowski, che generalizza la velocità tridimensionale definita nella meccanica classica. Si tratta di una grandezza cinematica tale per cui la velocità della luce è costante in ogni sistema di riferimento inerziale. (it)
  • 특수 상대성 이론에서, 물체의 사차원 속도(四次元速度, 영어: four-velocity)는 로런츠 인자 와 고유속도(proper velocity(=celerity)) 로 이루어진 사차원 벡터 다. 물체가 시공간을 얼마나 빨리 이동하는지 나타내는 값으로 해석할 수 있다. 이름과 달리, 그 공간 성분은 (삼차원) 속도 가 아니라 고유속도(proper velocity(=celerity))이다. 다(삼차원 속도는 그 어느 사차원 벡터의 공간 성분도 이루지 않는다). (ko)
  • A quadrivelocidade é uma grandeza vetorial associada com o movimento de uma partícula, utilizada no contexto da teoria da relatividade, que é tangente a trajetória de uma partícula através do espaço-tempo tetradimensional que generaliza o conceito de velocidade da mecânica newtoniana. (pt)
  • 四维速度(英語:Four-velocity)是指物理学中,特别是狭义相对论和广义相对论中,一个物体的四维速度是取代经典意义上的速度(三维矢量)的四维矢量(四维时空中的矢量)。选取四维速度的原因是四维速度在洛伦兹变换下是协变的,而三维速度不是;换句话说,这么选取可以使光速在任意惯性系下保持不变。 相对论理论中一个事件是在四维时空内的坐标描述的,一个物体在时空中运动产生的轨迹曲线是通过固有时这个参数实现参数化的,而这条曲线称作世界线。四维速度是一维时间与三维空间坐标对固有时的改变率所构成的矢量,同时也是世界线的。 作为比较,在经典力学中事件是通过它们在每一时刻上在三维空间中的坐标描述的,它们在三维空间中的轨迹是通过时间这个参数实现参数化的。经典速度是三维空间坐标对时间的改变率所构成的矢量,同时也是轨迹的切向矢量。 在狭义相对论的框架中,四维速度的大小(模)总是和光速的大小相等。 (zh)
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