About: Germline mutation

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A germline mutation, or germinal mutation, is any detectable variation within germ cells (cells that, when fully developed, become sperm and ova). Mutations in these cells are the only mutations that can be passed on to offspring, when either a mutated sperm or oocyte come together to form a zygote. After this fertilization event occurs, germ cells divide rapidly to produce all of the cells in the body, causing this mutation to be present in every somatic and germline cell in the offspring; this is also known as a constitutional mutation. Germline mutation is distinct from somatic mutation.

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rdfs:label	طفرة الخلية الجنسية (ar) Germline mutation (en) 生殖系突变 (zh)
rdfs:comment	طفرة إنتاشية (بالإنجليزية: Germline mutation)‏ أو طفرة الخلية الجنسية (بالإنجليزية: Germinal mutation)‏، هي أي تغيرٍ قابلٍ للكشف في الخلايا الجنسية (الخلايا التي عند تطورها بشكلٍ كامل تُصبح حيوان منوي وبويضة). الطفرات في هذه الخلايا تُعتبر الطفرات الوحيدة التي قد تنتقل إلى النَسل، وذلك عندما تتحد خلية بيضية أو حيوان منوي مُصاب بالطفرة مع بعضها لتُشكل بويضة مخصبة. بعد حدوث الإخصاب، تنقسم الخلايا الجنسية بسرعةٍ لإنتاج جميع خلايا الجسم، مما يؤدي لظهور الطفرة في جميع الخلايا والجنسية في النسل، وهذا ما يُعرف بالطفرة البنيوية. تختلف الطفرة الإنتاشية عن الطفرة الجسدية. (ar) 生殖系突变（英語：Germline mutation）是指在生殖细胞中发生的任何可检测、可遗传的突变。在生殖细胞系列以外的细胞中发生的突变称为体细胞突变，也称作获得性突变。生殖系突变和体细胞突变的不同在于：生殖系突变可遗传给后代，而体细胞中发生的突变不能。生殖系突变能够导致后代产生组成性突变，即该突变出现在后代的每个细胞中。组成性突变可在受精作用后不久发生（遗传于亲本的生殖性突变），当然亦可遗传于亲本的组成性突变。在动物中，生殖系突变更容易发生在精子中（与卵细胞相比），这是由于精子数目远大于卵细胞数目，精子的形成需要更多的精母细胞进行细胞分裂，而突变通常发生于DNA复制、细胞分裂的过程中。 (zh) A germline mutation, or germinal mutation, is any detectable variation within germ cells (cells that, when fully developed, become sperm and ova). Mutations in these cells are the only mutations that can be passed on to offspring, when either a mutated sperm or oocyte come together to form a zygote. After this fertilization event occurs, germ cells divide rapidly to produce all of the cells in the body, causing this mutation to be present in every somatic and germline cell in the offspring; this is also known as a constitutional mutation. Germline mutation is distinct from somatic mutation. (en)
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Link from a Wikipage to another Wikipage	Electronegativity Epithelium Oocyte Allele Arabidopsis House mouse Huntington's disease Cystic fibrosis dbr:Cystic_fibrosis_transmembrane_conductance_regulator DNA polymerase Down syndrome Germ line cells Gastrointestinal tract Genetic testing Genome editing MLH1 Endogeny (biology) TP53 Liver Transcription activator-like effector nuclease Tumor suppressor gene Autosomal dominant Li–Fraumeni syndrome Mutagen Amniocentesis Drosophila Pancreas Cell division Cellular respiration Chromatid Germ cell Restriction enzyme Hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer Ionizing radiation dbr:BRCA1 BRCA2 Tay–Sachs disease Thalassemia Mutation Kidney Egg cell Heritability Zinc finger Zinc finger nuclease Spermatocyte Dominance (genetics) CRISPR Phenotype Somatic (biology) Sperm Reactive oxygen species Sickle-cell disease Ultraviolet Zygote Exogeny Oncogene Transversion Somatic mutation Non-homologous end joining Proto-oncogenes Fetal DNA
sameAs	Germline mutation Germline mutation Germline mutation Germline mutation Germline mutation Germline mutation
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has abstract	طفرة إنتاشية (بالإنجليزية: Germline mutation)‏ أو طفرة الخلية الجنسية (بالإنجليزية: Germinal mutation)‏، هي أي تغيرٍ قابلٍ للكشف في الخلايا الجنسية (الخلايا التي عند تطورها بشكلٍ كامل تُصبح حيوان منوي وبويضة). الطفرات في هذه الخلايا تُعتبر الطفرات الوحيدة التي قد تنتقل إلى النَسل، وذلك عندما تتحد خلية بيضية أو حيوان منوي مُصاب بالطفرة مع بعضها لتُشكل بويضة مخصبة. بعد حدوث الإخصاب، تنقسم الخلايا الجنسية بسرعةٍ لإنتاج جميع خلايا الجسم، مما يؤدي لظهور الطفرة في جميع الخلايا والجنسية في النسل، وهذا ما يُعرف بالطفرة البنيوية. تختلف الطفرة الإنتاشية عن الطفرة الجسدية. (ar) A germline mutation, or germinal mutation, is any detectable variation within germ cells (cells that, when fully developed, become sperm and ova). Mutations in these cells are the only mutations that can be passed on to offspring, when either a mutated sperm or oocyte come together to form a zygote. After this fertilization event occurs, germ cells divide rapidly to produce all of the cells in the body, causing this mutation to be present in every somatic and germline cell in the offspring; this is also known as a constitutional mutation. Germline mutation is distinct from somatic mutation. Germline mutations can be caused by a variety of endogenous (internal) and exogenous (external) factors, and can occur throughout zygote development. A mutation that arises only in germ cells can result in offspring with a genetic condition that is not present in either parent; this is because the mutation is not present in the rest of the parents' body, only the germline. (en)

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