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The history of Sumer spans the 5th to 3rd millennia BCE in southern Mesopotamia, and is taken to include the prehistoric Ubaid and Uruk periods. Sumer was the region's earliest known civilization and ended with the downfall of the Third Dynasty of Ur around 2004 BCE. It was followed by a transitional period of Amorite states before the rise of Babylonia in the 18th century BCE.

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rdfs:label
  • تاريخ سومر (ar)
  • History of Sumer (en)
  • Sejarah Sumeria (in)
  • Storia dei Sumeri (it)
  • História da Suméria (pt)
rdfs:comment
  • الحضارة السومرية هي حضارة لمجموعات بشرية في جنوب شرق الهلال الخصيب (بلاد سومر) في العراق اليوم، خلال الألف الرابع قبل الميلاد، سمى السومريون بلادهم كن-جير (ken-gi) ولغتهم إمِ-جير ("eme-gir")، والتسمية شومر (سومر) هي تسمية أكادية لمنطقة جنوب العراق وسكانها، والتي تكرس استخدامها، من قبل الباحثين، مع إعادة اكتشاف الكتابة واللغة والثقافة السومرية، في القرن التاسع عشر الميلادي. (ar)
  • The history of Sumer spans the 5th to 3rd millennia BCE in southern Mesopotamia, and is taken to include the prehistoric Ubaid and Uruk periods. Sumer was the region's earliest known civilization and ended with the downfall of the Third Dynasty of Ur around 2004 BCE. It was followed by a transitional period of Amorite states before the rise of Babylonia in the 18th century BCE. (en)
  • Sejarah Sumeria merupakan prasejarah yang diambil untuk memasukkan periode-periode Ubaid dan Uruk, terbentang pada milenium ke-5 sampai ke-3 SM, yang berakhir dengan jatuhnya Dinasti Ketiga Ur pada sekitar tahun 2004 SM, diikuti oleh periode transisi negara-negara Amori sebelum bangkitnya Babilonia pada abad ke-18 SM. (in)
  • La storia dei Sumeri inizia attorno al quarto millennio a.C. (Il nome Sumeri deriva da Sumer). I Sumeri sostenevano che la loro civiltà fosse stata portata, già completamente formata, alla città di Eridu (probabilmente da Dilmun, identificato in seguito con l'attuale Bahrein) dal loro dio Enki o dal suo aiutante Adapa (chiamato Oannes da Berosso).Questa rivendicazione forse deriva dal fatto che Eridu si trovava allora sulla linea costiera del golfo Persico ed era la più antica città della Mesopotamia meridionale. (it)
  • A História da Suméria, onde se incluem os períodos pré-históricos do período de al-Ubaid e do período de Uruque, abrange por volta do quinto milênio a.C. até o terceiro milênio a.C., terminando com a queda da Terceira dinastia de Ur por volta de 2 004 a.C., seguido por um período de transição dos estados amorita antes do surgimento da Babilônia no século XVIII a.C.. O primeiro assentamento no sul da Mesopotâmia foi Eridu. Os Sumérios acreditavam que sua civilização foi trazida, totalmente formada, para a cidade de Eridu por seu Deus Enqui ou por seu conselheiro (ou Abgallu, de ab=água, gal=grande, lu=homem), Adapa U-an (chamado "Oannes" por Beroso). As primeiras pessoas que colonizaram Eridu trouxeram consigo a cultura Samarra do norte da Mesopotâmia e são identificados com o período de al (pt)
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  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Cities_of_Sumer_(en).svg
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Golden_helmet_of_Meskalamdug_in_the_British_Museum.jpg
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Relief_Im-dugud_Louvre_AO2783.jpg
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Relief_Ur-Nanshe_Louvre_AO2344.jpg
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Rolzegel.jpg
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Tableta_con_trillo.png
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Ur-Nanshe_King_of_Lagash_in_the_limestone_votive_relief_of_Ur-Nanshe.jpg
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Ur-Ningirsu_ruler_of_Lagash_circa_2110_BCE.jpg
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Victory_stele_of_Naram_Sin_9066.jpg
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/King_Ur-Nammu.jpg
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Stele_of_Vultures_detail_01-transparent.png
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Gudea_of_Lagash_Girsu.jpg
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