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Hurst Castle is an artillery fort established by Henry VIII on the Hurst Spit in Hampshire, England, between 1541 and 1544. It formed part of the king's Device Forts coastal protection programme against invasion from France and the Holy Roman Empire, and defended the western entrance to the Solent waterway. The early castle had a central keep and three bastions, and in 1547 was equipped with 26 guns. It was expensive to operate due to its size, but it formed one of the most powerful forts along the coast. During the English Civil War of the 1640s, Hurst was held by Parliament and was used briefly to detain King Charles I before his execution in 1649. It continued in use during the 18th century but fell into disrepair, the spit being frequented by smugglers.

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  • Hurst Castle (de)
  • Hurst Castle (en)
  • Hurst Castle (it)
  • Hurst Castle (sv)
  • 赫尔斯特城堡 (zh)
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  • 赫尔斯特城堡是一个位于英国汉普郡赫尔斯特的军备城堡,由亨利八世在1541-1544年间建造,用于防止法国和神圣罗马帝国的入侵,并捍卫索伦特水域的海上安全。早期的城堡有一个中央城堡和三个碉堡,并在1547年额外配备了26门火炮。这项耗资庞大的工程使赫尔斯特城堡成为了索伦特海域最强大的堡垒。 赫尔斯特城堡因其得天独厚的地理位置及强大的防御能力,在18世纪仍然发挥着作用,但因年久失修,使得赫尔斯特暴露于海贼势力下,成为走私犯的窝点。 1789年,赫尔斯特城堡被改造,以使城堡更加现代化,能够装备24磅(10.8公斤)火炮。18世纪50年代,城堡改用了更重且威力更大的32磅(14.5公斤)火炮并新增了多个炮台。1861年-1874年期间,城堡新建了花岗岩面的炮台,总计61门火炮。此时装备的是12.5英寸(38吨)的毛瑟火炮。进入20世纪后,这些重炮全部被更加现代化且先进的机枪取代了。 第一次世界战争和第二次世界大战期间,城堡成为英国南海岸防御系统的一部分,守卫了索伦特海域。堡垒在1956年停止使用。21世纪,它成为英国遗产的一部分,当地机构开发了旅游资源,根据2015年的调查数据,现在赫尔斯特城堡年均接受40000名访客,城堡周边的4个灯塔从18世纪开始使用至今,为路过船只指示方向。 (zh)
  • Hurst Castle ist ein Artilleriefort, das König Heinrich VIII. 1541–1544 am Hurst Spit in der englischen Grafschaft Hampshire bauen ließ. Es war Teil des königlichen Device-Fort-Programms, das England gegen die befürchteten Angriffe von Frankreich und des Heiligen Römischen Reiches schützen sollte. Hurst Castle beschützte den Wasserweg des Solent. Das erste Fort hatte einen zentralen Donjon und drei Bastionen und wurde 1547 mit 26 Kanonen ausgestattet. Wegen seiner Größe war sein Betrieb teuer, aber es stellte eines der mächtigsten Forts entlang der Küste dar. Im englischen Bürgerkrieg in den 1640er-Jahren war Hurst Castle in der Hand der Parlamentaristen und dort war König Karl I. eine kurze Zeitlang vor seiner Hinrichtung 1648 interniert. Das Fort blieb im 18. Jahrhundert in Benutzung, ve (de)
  • Hurst Castle is an artillery fort established by Henry VIII on the Hurst Spit in Hampshire, England, between 1541 and 1544. It formed part of the king's Device Forts coastal protection programme against invasion from France and the Holy Roman Empire, and defended the western entrance to the Solent waterway. The early castle had a central keep and three bastions, and in 1547 was equipped with 26 guns. It was expensive to operate due to its size, but it formed one of the most powerful forts along the coast. During the English Civil War of the 1640s, Hurst was held by Parliament and was used briefly to detain King Charles I before his execution in 1649. It continued in use during the 18th century but fell into disrepair, the spit being frequented by smugglers. (en)
  • Hurst Castle è un castello inglese, situato sul mare e non distante dalla città di Portsmouth. Fu fatto edificare come edificio di difesa dal re d'Inghilterra Enrico VIII Tudor. Il castello faceva parte dei Device Forts, castelli costruiti per la difesa sia esterna che interna del paese. Il mare innanzi al castello è spesso agitato e non si presenta atto alla navigazione; fu così che numerosi tentativi di assalto o di assedio finirono tutti in un nulla di fatto. Hurst Castle visto dall'Isola di Wight (it)
  • Hurst Castle är en befästning i Storbritannien. Det ligger i grevskapet Hampshire och riksdelen England, i den södra delen av landet, 130 km sydväst om huvudstaden London. Hurst Castle ligger 2 meter över havet. Terrängen runt Hurst Castle är platt. Havet är nära Hurst Castle åt sydväst. Den högsta punkten i närheten är 144 meter över havet, 4,4 km söder om Hurst Castle. Närmaste större samhälle är Christchurch, 16,5 km väster om Hurst Castle. (sv)
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  • Hurst Castle (en)
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  • Hurst Castle (en)
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  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/HurstCastle20090713Y146.jpg
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/38_ton_gun_1_-_Hurst_Castle.jpg
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Hurst_Castle,_1840.png
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Hurst_Castle,_18th_century.png
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Hurst_Castle,_near_Milford_on_Sea,_Hampshire,_England-2Oct2010_trimmmed.jpg
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Hurst_Castle_,_Castle_Cannon_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1721622.jpg
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Hurst_Castle_,_East_Wing_and_Lighthouse_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1721711.jpg
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Hurst_Castle_from_East_of_Hurst_Spit.jpg
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Hurst_Castle_from_SE_showing_partially_collapsed_E_wing.jpg
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Hurst_Castle_keep_16th_century_labelled.png
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Hurst_Castle_plan_modern.png
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Hurst_castle_theater.jpg
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/The_New_Forest_its_history_and_its_scenery_-_page_157_cropped.png
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