James Ayscough (born 1720, died 1759) was an English optician and designer and maker of scientific instruments. He was apprenticed to an optician named from 1743 to 1747. James Ayscough became known for his microscopes. His shop was in London between 1740 and 1759. Around the year 1752, James Ayscough introduced spectacles with double-hinged side pieces. Although he made clear lenses, he recommended lenses tinted blue or green to treat some vision problems. These spectacles with tinted lenses are believed to be the precursors to sunglasses.
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| - James Ayscough (de)
- James Ayscough (it)
- James Ayscough (en)
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| - James Ayscough (... – 1759) è stato un artigiano inglese. Costruttore inglese di strumenti scientifici, fu apprendista dell'ottico James Mann (1706-1756), con il quale entrò in società negli anni 1743-1747. Pubblicarono insieme vari scritti sui microscopi. Al Museo Galileo di Firenze è esposto un microscopio a cassetta da lui realizzato. (it)
- James Ayscough (* um 1720; † 1759 oder um 1762) war ein englischer Augenoptiker und Hersteller von wissenschaftlichen Instrumenten. Er war von 1743 bis 1747 Lehrling bei einem Optiker namens , der 10 Jahre zuvor in die Herstellung der ersten achromatischen Linsen eingebunden war (siehe George Bass). Sein Buch "A short account of the Eye and nature of vision" enthält ein Prüfbild (siehe rechts), welches dem 1958 entwickelte Amsler-Gitter sehr ähnlich war, jedoch nicht dessen diagnostischen Einsatzbereich hinsichtlich zentraler Gesichtsfelddefekten diente. (de)
- James Ayscough (born 1720, died 1759) was an English optician and designer and maker of scientific instruments. He was apprenticed to an optician named from 1743 to 1747. James Ayscough became known for his microscopes. His shop was in London between 1740 and 1759. Around the year 1752, James Ayscough introduced spectacles with double-hinged side pieces. Although he made clear lenses, he recommended lenses tinted blue or green to treat some vision problems. These spectacles with tinted lenses are believed to be the precursors to sunglasses. (en)
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| - James Ayscough (* um 1720; † 1759 oder um 1762) war ein englischer Augenoptiker und Hersteller von wissenschaftlichen Instrumenten. Er war von 1743 bis 1747 Lehrling bei einem Optiker namens , der 10 Jahre zuvor in die Herstellung der ersten achromatischen Linsen eingebunden war (siehe George Bass). James Ayscough wurde bekannt für seine Mikroskope. Zwischen 1740 und 1759 hatte er einen Laden in London. Um etwa 1752 entwickelte er Brillen mit doppelt aufklappbaren Seitenstücken. Obwohl er klare Linsen zur Korrektur von Sehfehlern erzeugte, empfahl er Linsen, die blau oder grün gefärbt waren. Diese Brillen mit gefärbten Gläsern gelten als Vorläufer der heutigen Sonnenbrille. Sein Buch "A short account of the Eye and nature of vision" enthält ein Prüfbild (siehe rechts), welches dem 1958 entwickelte Amsler-Gitter sehr ähnlich war, jedoch nicht dessen diagnostischen Einsatzbereich hinsichtlich zentraler Gesichtsfelddefekten diente. (de)
- James Ayscough (born 1720, died 1759) was an English optician and designer and maker of scientific instruments. He was apprenticed to an optician named from 1743 to 1747. James Ayscough became known for his microscopes. His shop was in London between 1740 and 1759. Around the year 1752, James Ayscough introduced spectacles with double-hinged side pieces. Although he made clear lenses, he recommended lenses tinted blue or green to treat some vision problems. These spectacles with tinted lenses are believed to be the precursors to sunglasses. In February 1755 he began to contribute to the Gentleman's Magazine a daily register of the weather, month by month. It included barometric reading of pressure, and two temperature readings, in the early afternoon, and late in the evening. There was also a brief comment on the day's weather. He may have begun the record with instruments that the magazine already owned, (as it had been recording pressure and temperature sporadically since 1747, initially printed at the end of the monthly stock market report.) Initially barometric pressures were read to 1/10th of an inch, but that soon changed to 1/100th, suggesting that he made his own instrument. His published register attracted the attention of George Smith near Carlisle, who began to contribute a matching record for Cumberland. This continued until Ayscough's death in 1759; his last entry in his record at London (Clerkenwell) was 23 August 1759. (en)
- James Ayscough (... – 1759) è stato un artigiano inglese. Costruttore inglese di strumenti scientifici, fu apprendista dell'ottico James Mann (1706-1756), con il quale entrò in società negli anni 1743-1747. Pubblicarono insieme vari scritti sui microscopi. Al Museo Galileo di Firenze è esposto un microscopio a cassetta da lui realizzato. (it)
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