James Crowley (16 October 1879 – 21 January 1946) was an Irish nationalist politician and veterinary surgeon. He was born at William Street in Listowel, County Kerry and was the son of butcher Michael Crowley and Jane O'Connor. He was a member of the Irish Volunteers. He was elected at the 1918 general election as a Sinn Féin MP for the Kerry North constituency. In January 1919, Sinn Féin MPs refused to recognise the Parliament of the United Kingdom and instead assembled at the Mansion House in Dublin as a revolutionary parliament called Dáil Éireann. At the official roll call, Crowley was marked "fé ghlas ag Gallaibh" (imprisoned by the foreign enemy).