Josh Matheny (born October 16, 2002) is an American competitive swimmer specializing in breaststroke events. He is a world junior record holder in the 4×100 meter mixed medley relay. He won the gold medal and the national title in the 100 meter breaststroke at the 2022 US National Championships. At the 2019 World Junior Championships he won two gold medals and two silver medals. He competes collegiately for Indiana University.