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The parchment codex called Littera Florentina is the closest survivor to an official version of the Digest of Roman law promulgated by Justinian I in 530–533. The codex, of 907 leaves, is written in the Byzantine-Ravenna uncials characteristic of Constantinople, but which has recently been recognized in legal and literary texts produced in Alexandria and the Levant as well. E.A. Lowe refers to this script as "b-r uncial". Close scrutiny dates the manuscript between the official issuance in 533 and the issuance of 557 that included Justinian's recent enactments, the Novellae Constitutiones, "New Constitutions", making it an all-but contemporary and all-but official source.

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  • Littera Florentina (de)
  • Littera Florentina (it)
  • Littera Florentina (en)
  • Littera Florentina (pt)
  • Littera Florentina (sv)
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  • Die littera Florentina (davon die Kurzform „Florentina“), auch Codex Florentinus (Digestorum), ist eine Handschrift der Digesten. Der Legende nach soll sie bei der Plünderung von Amalfi gestohlen worden sein. Im 9. oder 10. Jahrhundert tauchte ein Exemplar der Digesten in Italien wieder auf. Seit 1406 befindet dieses sich in der Biblioteca Medicea Laurenziana im namensgebenden Florenz und ist die bei weitem wichtigste, weil quellnäheste und vollständig erhaltene, handschriftliche Überlieferung der Digesten. Ihr Text liegt allen mittelalterlichen, neuzeitlichen und modernen Digestenausgaben zugrunde. (de)
  • Le Pandette Pisane (o Codex Pisanus, note anche come Littera Florentina o Codex Florentinus) sono un manoscritto conservato presso la Biblioteca Medicea Laurenziana di Firenze, considerato particolarmente importante in quanto riporta pressoché interamente (sebbene non manchino le lacune all'interno del testo) la parte più rilevante del Digesto, compilazione delle opere dei principali giuristi romani voluta dall'imperatore bizantino Giustiniano I, con una datazione molto vicina a quella della stesura originale. (it)
  • The parchment codex called Littera Florentina is the closest survivor to an official version of the Digest of Roman law promulgated by Justinian I in 530–533. The codex, of 907 leaves, is written in the Byzantine-Ravenna uncials characteristic of Constantinople, but which has recently been recognized in legal and literary texts produced in Alexandria and the Levant as well. E.A. Lowe refers to this script as "b-r uncial". Close scrutiny dates the manuscript between the official issuance in 533 and the issuance of 557 that included Justinian's recent enactments, the Novellae Constitutiones, "New Constitutions", making it an all-but contemporary and all-but official source. (en)
  • A littera Florentina (às vezes chamada apenas Florentina, ou ainda Codex Florentinus Digestorum) é um manuscrito do Digesto. Segundo a lenda, ela teria sido roubada após o saque de Amalfi. No século IX ou X, reapareceu na Itália um exemplar do Digesto. Desde 1406, ela se encontra na Biblioteca Medicea Laurenziana em Florença, sendo sem dúvidas considerado o manuscrito mais importante do Digesto. Seu texto é que serve de base para as edições modernas e contemporâneas do Digesto. A história do manuscrito é conturbada e hoje já não pode mais ser plenamente esclarecida. Uma glosa adicionada ao D. 18.1.9.2 diz que a littera Flonretina encontrava-se no sul da Itália no mais tardar no século IX ou X. À época dos glosadores, a Florentina já se encontrava em Pisa. Um relato de menor confiabilidade, (pt)
  • Littera Florentina är ett pergamentmanuskript som antas vara den bevarade avskrift av den del av kejsar Junstinianus lagsamling Corpus juris civilis (promulgerad 530-533) som kallas Digesta eller Pandectae som ligger närmast originalet i tiden. Noter i marginalerna antyder att verket befunnit sig i Amalfi på 500-talet - som då utgjorde en del av det bysantinska exarkatet Ravenna - och att det fördes till Pisa under 1100-talet för att därifrån föras som krigsbyte till Florens efter kriget 1406. (sv)
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  • Die littera Florentina (davon die Kurzform „Florentina“), auch Codex Florentinus (Digestorum), ist eine Handschrift der Digesten. Der Legende nach soll sie bei der Plünderung von Amalfi gestohlen worden sein. Im 9. oder 10. Jahrhundert tauchte ein Exemplar der Digesten in Italien wieder auf. Seit 1406 befindet dieses sich in der Biblioteca Medicea Laurenziana im namensgebenden Florenz und ist die bei weitem wichtigste, weil quellnäheste und vollständig erhaltene, handschriftliche Überlieferung der Digesten. Ihr Text liegt allen mittelalterlichen, neuzeitlichen und modernen Digestenausgaben zugrunde. (de)
  • The parchment codex called Littera Florentina is the closest survivor to an official version of the Digest of Roman law promulgated by Justinian I in 530–533. The codex, of 907 leaves, is written in the Byzantine-Ravenna uncials characteristic of Constantinople, but which has recently been recognized in legal and literary texts produced in Alexandria and the Levant as well. E.A. Lowe refers to this script as "b-r uncial". Close scrutiny dates the manuscript between the official issuance in 533 and the issuance of 557 that included Justinian's recent enactments, the Novellae Constitutiones, "New Constitutions", making it an all-but contemporary and all-but official source. Marginal notes suggest that the codex was in Amalfi—part of the Byzantine territory in Italy governed by the Exarchate of Ravenna in the 6th century—and that it passed to Pisa in the 12th century; thus, during the Middle Ages the codex was known as the Littera Pisana, until the codex formed part of the war booty removed from Pisa to Florence after the war of 1406. The manuscript became one of Florence's most treasured possessions. It was only shown to very important persons. Scholarly access was difficult. It took more than three centuries before a reliable edition of the Littera Florentina was finally made available. Nowadays two facsimile editions are at the disposal of scholars. The importance of the manuscript lies in the fact that is an almost unique witness of the original Justinianian Digest. Most medieval manuscripts of the Digest have a substantially different text. Its sudden reappearance in the late eleventh or early twelfth century has been much debated by legal historians. (en)
  • Le Pandette Pisane (o Codex Pisanus, note anche come Littera Florentina o Codex Florentinus) sono un manoscritto conservato presso la Biblioteca Medicea Laurenziana di Firenze, considerato particolarmente importante in quanto riporta pressoché interamente (sebbene non manchino le lacune all'interno del testo) la parte più rilevante del Digesto, compilazione delle opere dei principali giuristi romani voluta dall'imperatore bizantino Giustiniano I, con una datazione molto vicina a quella della stesura originale. (it)
  • A littera Florentina (às vezes chamada apenas Florentina, ou ainda Codex Florentinus Digestorum) é um manuscrito do Digesto. Segundo a lenda, ela teria sido roubada após o saque de Amalfi. No século IX ou X, reapareceu na Itália um exemplar do Digesto. Desde 1406, ela se encontra na Biblioteca Medicea Laurenziana em Florença, sendo sem dúvidas considerado o manuscrito mais importante do Digesto. Seu texto é que serve de base para as edições modernas e contemporâneas do Digesto. A história do manuscrito é conturbada e hoje já não pode mais ser plenamente esclarecida. Uma glosa adicionada ao D. 18.1.9.2 diz que a littera Flonretina encontrava-se no sul da Itália no mais tardar no século IX ou X. À época dos glosadores, a Florentina já se encontrava em Pisa. Um relato de menor confiabilidade, datado do século XIII, afirma que ela teria sido guardada anteriormente em Amalfi e, em 11155, teria sido levada à Pisa como despojo de guerra. Em 1406, chegou a Florença. (pt)
  • Littera Florentina är ett pergamentmanuskript som antas vara den bevarade avskrift av den del av kejsar Junstinianus lagsamling Corpus juris civilis (promulgerad 530-533) som kallas Digesta eller Pandectae som ligger närmast originalet i tiden. Denna codex, som består av 907 ark, är skriven i den bysantinska uncialskrift från Ravenna som visserligen härstammade från Konstantinopel men som också hittats i juridiska och skönlitterära texter från biblioteket i Alexandria och . Genom noggranna undersökningar har man kunnat daterat manuskriptet till mellan 533 och 557 vilket gör det till ett i princip samtida dokument till originalet som nästan kan tolkas som en officiell källa. Noter i marginalerna antyder att verket befunnit sig i Amalfi på 500-talet - som då utgjorde en del av det bysantinska exarkatet Ravenna - och att det fördes till Pisa under 1100-talet för att därifrån föras som krigsbyte till Florens efter kriget 1406. I Florens blev manuskriptet ett av stadens högst värderade ägodelar som bara uppvisades för höga dignitärer men gjordes mycket svårtillgängligt för vetenskapliga analyser. Idag finns dock flera faksimilutgåvor att tillgå. Manuskriptet stora värde ligger i dessa unika vittnesbörd av Justinianus lagsamling som finns i många medeltida avskrifter med ofta mycket alternerat innehåll. Dess plötsliga uppdykande i slutet av 1000-talet eller början av 1100-talet är omdiskuterat bland historiker. (sv)
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