Loísmo, with its feminine counterpart laísmo, is a feature of certain dialects of Spanish consisting of the use of the pronouns lo, la, los, and las (which are normally used for direct objects) in place of the pronouns le and les (which are used for indirect objects). Loísmo and laísmo are almost entirely restricted to some dialects in central Spain; they are virtually absent from formal and written language. In practice laísmo is much more frequent than loísmo.
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| - Loísmo (es)
- Loísmo (fr)
- Loísmo (it)
- Loísmo (en)
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| - Le loísmo est un trait dialectal que l'on retrouve dans certains modalités de l'espagnol, essentiellement dans la langue parlée, et qui consiste en une substitution du pronom « le » (pronom d'objet indirect selon la normative) par le pronom « lo » (pronom d'objet direct selon la normative) dans les cas où l'antécédent est masculin. L'Académie royale espagnole condamna le loísmo en 1874 et le considère comme un vulgarisme. Dans les cas où l'antécédent est féminin, le phénomène linguistique équivalent est nommé laísmo. (fr)
- Il loísmo, o italianizzato in loismo, è una peculiarità di alcuni dialetti spagnoli che consiste nella sostituzione del pronome personale "le" (che rappresenta generalmente l'oggetto indiretto) con "lo" (riservato, nei dialetti non loisti, all'oggetto diretto). La Real Academia Española ha disapprovato il loísmo nel 1874 riconoscendolo come un , per cui non è corretto l'uso "loísta" nello spagnolo normativo. (it)
- Loísmo, with its feminine counterpart laísmo, is a feature of certain dialects of Spanish consisting of the use of the pronouns lo, la, los, and las (which are normally used for direct objects) in place of the pronouns le and les (which are used for indirect objects). Loísmo and laísmo are almost entirely restricted to some dialects in central Spain; they are virtually absent from formal and written language. In practice laísmo is much more frequent than loísmo. (en)
- El loísmo es una peculiaridad de ciertos que consiste en la sustitución del pronombre personal «le» (que representa generalmente al objeto indirecto) por «lo» (que se reserva, en dialectos no loístas, para el objeto directo). Desde el punto de vista del español normativo la Real Academia Española condenó el loísmo en 1874[cita requerida] y lo considera un vulgarismo. Algunos autores usan el término loísmo para referirse al uso de lo como complemento directo, es decir, a la variante mayoritaria; este uso extraño del término puede crear confusión. Ejemplos de loísmo: (es)
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| - El loísmo es una peculiaridad de ciertos que consiste en la sustitución del pronombre personal «le» (que representa generalmente al objeto indirecto) por «lo» (que se reserva, en dialectos no loístas, para el objeto directo). Desde el punto de vista del español normativo la Real Academia Española condenó el loísmo en 1874[cita requerida] y lo considera un vulgarismo. Algunos autores usan el término loísmo para referirse al uso de lo como complemento directo, es decir, a la variante mayoritaria; este uso extraño del término puede crear confusión. Ejemplos de loísmo:
* Cuando recojo a los niños del colegio, los llevo la merienda.
* Para arreglar esos trajes, hay que sacarlos el bajo.
* ¿Qué lo preocupa? (al coronel). (es)
- Loísmo, with its feminine counterpart laísmo, is a feature of certain dialects of Spanish consisting of the use of the pronouns lo, la, los, and las (which are normally used for direct objects) in place of the pronouns le and les (which are used for indirect objects). Loísmo and laísmo are almost entirely restricted to some dialects in central Spain; they are virtually absent from formal and written language. In practice laísmo is much more frequent than loísmo. A simple example would be saying lo hablé (lit. "I spoke him"), la hablé (lit. "I spoke her"), los hablé (lit. "I spoke them [masculine]"), or las hablé (lit. "I spoke them [feminine]") where a speaker of a dialect without loísmo would say le(s) hablé (lit. "I spoke to him/her/them"). This effectively means the loss of a declensional case marker. The difference between lo (accusative case) and le (dative case) are holdovers from Latin declension. The general trend in the evolution of Spanish has been to drop such declensions, but most dialects of Spanish have preserved this feature for object pronouns. It just happens that speakers with loísmo have further lost this distinction, replacing it with a different distinction of a semantic kind. Another effect of loísmo and laísmo is that the gender of the indirect object is clearer than it would be using le. One issue with non-loísmo dialects is that the le pronoun is ambiguous, as it does not specify gender. For example, le doy un beso can mean "I give him a kiss", "I give her a kiss", or even "I give you (formal) a kiss". One way around this ambiguity is to clarify the pronoun with a prepositional phrase; for our example, this would mean le doy un beso a él, le doy un beso a ella, or le doy un beso a usted, respectively. Since lo indicates masculine and la indicates feminine, using loísmo and laísmo means that this clarification is not necessary. Loísmo can also seemingly change the meaning of certain phrases, since some verbs take on a different meaning based on the case of their objects. For example, le pegué means "I struck him", but a speaker with loísmo would say lo pegué, which literally means "I pasted/stuck him (onto something)" in dialects without loísmo. (en)
- Le loísmo est un trait dialectal que l'on retrouve dans certains modalités de l'espagnol, essentiellement dans la langue parlée, et qui consiste en une substitution du pronom « le » (pronom d'objet indirect selon la normative) par le pronom « lo » (pronom d'objet direct selon la normative) dans les cas où l'antécédent est masculin. L'Académie royale espagnole condamna le loísmo en 1874 et le considère comme un vulgarisme. Dans les cas où l'antécédent est féminin, le phénomène linguistique équivalent est nommé laísmo. (fr)
- Il loísmo, o italianizzato in loismo, è una peculiarità di alcuni dialetti spagnoli che consiste nella sostituzione del pronome personale "le" (che rappresenta generalmente l'oggetto indiretto) con "lo" (riservato, nei dialetti non loisti, all'oggetto diretto). La Real Academia Española ha disapprovato il loísmo nel 1874 riconoscendolo come un , per cui non è corretto l'uso "loísta" nello spagnolo normativo. (it)
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