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19th-century German philosopher Karl Marx, the founder and primary theorist of Marxism, viewed religion as "the soul of soulless conditions" or the "opium of the people". According to Karl Marx, religion in this world of exploitation is an expression of distress and at the same time it is also a protest against the real distress. In other words, religion continues to survive because of oppressive social conditions. When this oppressive and exploitative condition is destroyed, religion will become unnecessary. At the same time, Marx saw religion as a form of protest by the working classes against their poor economic conditions and their alienation. Denys Turner, a scholar of Marx and historical theology, classified Marx's views as adhering to Post-Theism, a philosophical position that regar

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  • الماركسية والدين (ar)
  • Marxismo y religión (es)
  • Marxisme dan agama (in)
  • Marxism and religion (en)
  • 마르크스주의와 종교 (ko)
  • Marxismo e religião (pt)
  • 马克思主义与宗教 (zh)
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  • 마르크스 주의의 창시자이자 일차 이론가인 19세기 독일 철학자 칼 카르크스는 종교를 "영혼없는 상태의 영혼"또는 "인민의 아편"이라고 보았다. 동시에, 마르크스는 종교를 그들의 열악한 경제 상황과 소외에 대한 노동자 계층의 항의의 형태로 보았다. 마르크스-레닌주의 해석에서, 모든 현대 종교와 교회는 "노동계급의 착취와 어리석음"을 위해 사용되는 "브루주아 반작용의 기관"으로 간주된다. 블라디미르 레닌 이후 소비에트 연방, 마오쩌둥 통치하의 중화인민공화국과 같은 20세기 마르크스- 레닌주의 정부는 국가 무신론을 도입하는 규칙을 시행했다. (ko)
  • 马克思主义与宗教是指马克思主义的社会主义世界观及其政治意识形态与各种宗教之间理论与实践上的关系。马克思主义最主要的奠基人,十九世纪德国社会学家卡尔·马克思对于宗教有着相当矛盾的看法,他一方面将宗教视作统治阶级给工人阶级施加的“精神鸦片”,因为宗教让他们对禧年抱有虚假的幻想,但另一方面他又认为这是工人阶级对低落经济状况的一种抗议。 俄国革命者弗拉基米尔·列宁为主的人们发展了马克思主义,形成了马克思列宁主义。马列主义认为,宗教对人类的发展起到了阻碍作用,而且遵照马克思列宁主义及其各种衍生形态的社会主义国家都主张无神论,并且是明确反宗教的。因此,二十世纪许多明确主张马克思主义的政权,例如前苏联和中国,都推行国家无神论政策。但是,一些一直存在,如基督教共产主义在共产主义发展的初期就起到至关重要的作用。 (zh)
  • كارل ماركس، الفيلسوف الألماني التابع لحقبة القرن التاسع عشر هو المؤسس والعالم النظري الأساسي للنظرية الماركسية. كان لماركس موقفًا متناقضًا ومعقدًا تجاه الدين حيث نظر إليه في المقام الأول على أنه «كيان الظروف العدمي الروح» أو «أفيون الشعوب» لأنه كان يُستخدم من قبل الطبقات الحاكمة ليعطي الطبقات العاملة أملًا كاذبًا منذ آلاف السنين. (ar)
  • El filósofo alemán del siglo XIX Karl Marx, fundador y principal teórico del marxismo, veía la religión como "el suspiro de la criatura oprimida, el corazón de un mundo sin corazón, el espíritu de una situación carente de espíritu" o el "opio del pueblo". Según Marx, la religión en este mundo de explotación es una expresión de angustia y al mismo tiempo es también una protesta contra la angustia real. En otras palabras, la religión continúa sobreviviendo debido a las opresivas condiciones sociales. Cuando se destruya esta condición de opresión y explotación, la religión se volverá innecesaria. Al mismo tiempo, Marx vio la religión como una forma de protesta de las clases trabajadoras contra sus malas condiciones económicas y su alienación.​ (es)
  • 19th-century German philosopher Karl Marx, the founder and primary theorist of Marxism, viewed religion as "the soul of soulless conditions" or the "opium of the people". According to Karl Marx, religion in this world of exploitation is an expression of distress and at the same time it is also a protest against the real distress. In other words, religion continues to survive because of oppressive social conditions. When this oppressive and exploitative condition is destroyed, religion will become unnecessary. At the same time, Marx saw religion as a form of protest by the working classes against their poor economic conditions and their alienation. Denys Turner, a scholar of Marx and historical theology, classified Marx's views as adhering to Post-Theism, a philosophical position that regar (en)
  • Pencetus dan pemikir utama Marxisme, Karl Marx, memiliki sikap yang ambivalen terhadap agama. Marx terutama memandang agama sebagai "candu" yang dimanfaatkan oleh kelas penguasa untuk memberikan harapan palsu bagi kelas buruh, tetapi di lain pihak, ia juga memandangnya sebagai bentuk protes kelas buruh terhadap keadaan ekonomi mereka yang buruk. Ujung-ujungnya, Marx menolak keberadaan agama. (in)
  • O fundador do marxismo, o pensador alemão Karl Marx, tinha uma atitude crítica com religião. Por um lado, via a utilização dessa ideologia como "o ópio do povo", ou seja, instrumento usado pelas classes dominantes para dar à classe trabalhadora uma falsa esperança sobre a resolução dos problemas sociais apresentados. Em última instância, a superação da divisão entre pobres e ricos só pode ser superada no pós-morte, no paraíso. Por outro lado, acabava por reconhecer a religião como uma forma de protesto das classes trabalhadoras contra suas más condições econômicas. Inclusive, em sua polêmica com os Bauer e os neohegelianos, quando vai escrever os Manuscritos Econômicos-Filosóficos de 1844, Marx vai defender a distinção entre o Estado e a religião - mas não a aniquilação da religiosidade co (pt)
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