In toxicology, the median toxic dose (TD50) of a drug or toxin is the dose at which toxicity occurs in 50% of cases. The type of toxicity should be specified for this value to have meaning for practical purposes. The median toxic dose encompasses the category of toxicity that is greater than half maximum effective concentration (ED50) but less than the median lethal dose (LD50). However, for some highly potent toxins (ex. lofentanil, botulinum toxin) the difference between the ED50 and TD50 is so minute that the values assigned to them may be approximated to equal doses. Since toxicity need not be lethal, the TD50 is generally lower than the median lethal dose (LD50), and the latter can be considered an upper bound for the former. However, since the toxicity is above the effective limit, t
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| - Toxische Dosis (de)
- Median toxic dose (en)
- TD50 (pt)
- 半數中毒量 (zh)
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| - Die toxische Dosis bezeichnet in der Pharmakologie und Toxikologie eine Dosis, die in Lebewesen eine oder mehrere toxische Wirkungen hervorruft. Die toxische Dosis ist analog zur letalen Dosis, zur Strahlendosis und zur Infektionsdosis definiert. (de)
- 半數中毒量（median toxic dose，TD50）為毒理學名詞，是指一藥物或是毒素造成50%比例中毒的劑量。不過若要數值有意義或是可以用在實際應用上，需說明其中毒的種類。半數中毒量的劑量一般會比 （ED50）要大，但是比半數致死量（LD50）要小。不過有些高效價的毒素（像是及及肉毒桿菌毒素等）其半數中毒量和半數有效量（ED50）差異不大，一般會定義為相同。既然中毒不一定會致命，因此半數中毒量會遠低於半數致死量，半數致死量也可以視為是半數中毒量的上限。若根據研究，某一毒素的結果不會致命，就會用半數中毒量定義其這類的毒性。毒性反應有不同的定義，而且有些藥物在治療時有毒性（如化療），會造成半數中毒量和半數有效量（ED50）的混淆。毒性反應的結果一般包括癌症、失明、貧血、生育缺陷等。 (zh)
- In toxicology, the median toxic dose (TD50) of a drug or toxin is the dose at which toxicity occurs in 50% of cases. The type of toxicity should be specified for this value to have meaning for practical purposes. The median toxic dose encompasses the category of toxicity that is greater than half maximum effective concentration (ED50) but less than the median lethal dose (LD50). However, for some highly potent toxins (ex. lofentanil, botulinum toxin) the difference between the ED50 and TD50 is so minute that the values assigned to them may be approximated to equal doses. Since toxicity need not be lethal, the TD50 is generally lower than the median lethal dose (LD50), and the latter can be considered an upper bound for the former. However, since the toxicity is above the effective limit, t (en)
- Em toxicologia, a dose tóxica mediana (TD50) de uma droga, fármaco ou toxina representa a dosagem administrada capaz de provocar toxicidade em 50% dos casos. Para que esse valor tenha utilidade na prática clínica, o tipo de toxicidade deve ser especificado. Para avaliar a toxicidade de determinado composto, são analisados dois fatores principais: a possibilidade do efeito terapêutico de uma substância como potencialmente tóxico (como em alguns quimioterápicos); e no consumo concomitante de drogas, pois pode ocorrer interações que alterem os níveis padrões da TD50 de cada substância. (pt)
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| - Die toxische Dosis bezeichnet in der Pharmakologie und Toxikologie eine Dosis, die in Lebewesen eine oder mehrere toxische Wirkungen hervorruft. Die toxische Dosis ist analog zur letalen Dosis, zur Strahlendosis und zur Infektionsdosis definiert. (de)
- In toxicology, the median toxic dose (TD50) of a drug or toxin is the dose at which toxicity occurs in 50% of cases. The type of toxicity should be specified for this value to have meaning for practical purposes. The median toxic dose encompasses the category of toxicity that is greater than half maximum effective concentration (ED50) but less than the median lethal dose (LD50). However, for some highly potent toxins (ex. lofentanil, botulinum toxin) the difference between the ED50 and TD50 is so minute that the values assigned to them may be approximated to equal doses. Since toxicity need not be lethal, the TD50 is generally lower than the median lethal dose (LD50), and the latter can be considered an upper bound for the former. However, since the toxicity is above the effective limit, the TD50 is generally greater than the ED50. If the result of a study is a toxic effect that does not result in death, it is classified as this form of toxicity. Toxic effects can be defined differently, sometimes considering the therapeutic effect of a substance to be toxic (such as with chemotherapeutics) which can lead to confusion and contention regarding a substance's TD50. Examples of these toxic endpoints include cancer, blindness, anemia, and birth defects. (en)
- Em toxicologia, a dose tóxica mediana (TD50) de uma droga, fármaco ou toxina representa a dosagem administrada capaz de provocar toxicidade em 50% dos casos. Para que esse valor tenha utilidade na prática clínica, o tipo de toxicidade deve ser especificado. Como a toxicidade não necessariamente provoca letalidade, a TD50 geralmente é menor que a dose letal mediana (DL50), mas ao mesmo tempo maior que metade da concentração da dose efetiva (ED50). No entanto, como a toxicidade é apresentada como superior ao acima do limite efetivo, a TD50 costuma ser maior que a ED50. Se o resulta>do de um estudo a respeito de uma substância descobrir efeitos tóxicos potenciais que não resultem em morte, o grau de toxicidade é classificado em forma de TD50. Para avaliar a toxicidade de determinado composto, são analisados dois fatores principais: a possibilidade do efeito terapêutico de uma substância como potencialmente tóxico (como em alguns quimioterápicos); e no consumo concomitante de drogas, pois pode ocorrer interações que alterem os níveis padrões da TD50 de cada substância. (pt)
- 半數中毒量（median toxic dose，TD50）為毒理學名詞，是指一藥物或是毒素造成50%比例中毒的劑量。不過若要數值有意義或是可以用在實際應用上，需說明其中毒的種類。半數中毒量的劑量一般會比 （ED50）要大，但是比半數致死量（LD50）要小。不過有些高效價的毒素（像是及及肉毒桿菌毒素等）其半數中毒量和半數有效量（ED50）差異不大，一般會定義為相同。既然中毒不一定會致命，因此半數中毒量會遠低於半數致死量，半數致死量也可以視為是半數中毒量的上限。若根據研究，某一毒素的結果不會致命，就會用半數中毒量定義其這類的毒性。毒性反應有不同的定義，而且有些藥物在治療時有毒性（如化療），會造成半數中毒量和半數有效量（ED50）的混淆。毒性反應的結果一般包括癌症、失明、貧血、生育缺陷等。 (zh)
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