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The Perkin-Elmer Micralign was a family of aligners introduced in 1973. Micralign was the first projection aligner, a concept that dramatically improved semiconductor fabrication. According to the Chip History Center, it "literally made the modern IC industry".

Attributes	Values
rdfs:label	Micralign (en)
rdfs:comment	The Perkin-Elmer Micralign was a family of aligners introduced in 1973. Micralign was the first projection aligner, a concept that dramatically improved semiconductor fabrication. According to the Chip History Center, it "literally made the modern IC industry". (en)
dcterms:subject	Lithography (microfabrication)
Wikipage page ID	64559901 (xsd:integer)
Wikipage revision ID	1094215224 (xsd:integer)
Link from a Wikipage to another Wikipage	Electron-beam lithography Electron microscope MOS Technology 6532 Aligner (semiconductor) Lithography (microfabrication) Research and development Integrated circuit Intel 8088 Soda-lime glass Roof prism Chuck Peddle Boule (crystal) Motorola 6800 Angstrom Liechtenstein MOS Technology Board of directors Collimator Stencil Stepper Wafer (electronics) 7400-series integrated circuits ASML Holding Air Force Materiel Command Fairchild Semiconductor Nikon Diffraction Photoresist Texas Instruments Atari Photolithography Dispersion (optics) Borosilicate glass Mercury arc lamp IBM Intel Micrometre Microprocessor Microscope National Semiconductor Optical aberration Wright-Patterson Air Force Base Silicon Solvent Ultraviolet Extreme ultraviolet Image intensifier Raytheon Silver halide US Air Force Flexure bearing MOS 6502 Dynamic RAM Perkin-Elmer Minuteman missile Semiconductor fabrication dbr:Advanced_Radiation_Corporation dbr:Geophysical_Corporation_of_America dbr:Silicon_Valley_Group
Link from a Wikipage to an external page	https://www.chiphistory.org/exhibits/Near%20Impossibility%20of%20Making%20a%20Microchip/I_and_T_Fall1999_PP44-52.pdf https://www.youtube.com/watch%3Fv=enHF9lMseP8 https://www.mnc.umn.edu/sites/mnc.dl.umn.edu/files/photolithography_graphical_material_v4.pdf https://www.nytimes.com/1981/07/18/business/perkin-elmer-s-big-growth-started-with-a-small-research-contract.html https://www.nytimes.com/1990/05/16/business/perkin-unit-to-remain-us-owned.html https://www.chiphistory.org/28-the-projection-aligner-it-s-development-at-perkin-elmer-in-the-1970-s https://www.chiphistory.org/90-canon-pla-501f-fa-proximity-aligner https://www.chiphistory.org/landmarks/micralign-projection-mask-alignment-systems-1970 https://books.google.com/books%3Fid=I-bLBQAAQBAJ&pg=PA3
sameAs	Micralign Micralign
dbp:wikiPageUsesTemplate	dbt:Cite_techreport dbt:As_written dbt:Cite_encyclopedia dbt:Cite_interview dbt:Cite_journal dbt:Cite_magazine dbt:Cite_news dbt:Cite_web dbt:Efn dbt:Inflation dbt:Notelist dbt:Quote_box dbt:Reflist dbt:Sfn dbt:Short_description
author	John Bossung (en)
quote	Places like TI were buying masks, literally by the truckload, using them six to ten times, then putting them in the landfill. (en)
width	300 (xsd:integer)
has abstract	The Perkin-Elmer Micralign was a family of aligners introduced in 1973. Micralign was the first projection aligner, a concept that dramatically improved semiconductor fabrication. According to the Chip History Center, it "literally made the modern IC industry". The Micralign addressed a significant problem in the early integrated circuit (IC) industry, that the vast majority of ICs printed contained defects that rendered them useless. On average, about 1 in 10 complex ICs produced would be operational, a 10% yield. The Micralign improved this to over 50%, and as great as 70% in many applications. In doing so, the price of microprocessors and dynamic RAM products fell about 10 times between 1974 and 1978, by which time the Micralign had become practically universal in the high-end market. Initially predicting to sell perhaps 50 units, Perkin-Elmer eventually sold about 2,000, making them the by far largest vendor in the semiconductor fabrication equipment space through the second half of the 1970s and early 1980s. Formed into the Microlithography Division, by 1980 its income was the largest of Perkin-Elmer's divisions and provided the majority of the company's profits. The company was slow to respond to the challenge of the stepper, which replaced the projection aligners in most roles starting in the mid-1980s. Their move to extreme ultraviolet as a response failed, as the technology was not mature. Another attempt, buying a European stepper company, did nothing to reverse their fortunes. In 1990, Perkin-Elmer sold the division to , which is today part of ASML Holding. (en)
prov:wasDerivedFrom	wikipedia-en:Micralign?oldid=1094215224&ns=0
page length (characters) of wiki page	25432 (xsd:nonNegativeInteger)
foaf:isPrimaryTopicOf	wikipedia-en:Micralign
is Link from a Wikipage to another Wikipage of	Aligner (semiconductor) PerkinElmer Motorola 6809

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