In automotive design, an M4, or Mid-engine, Four-wheel-drive layout places the internal combustion engine in the middle of the vehicle, between both axles and drives all four road wheels. It is a type of car powertrain layout. Although the term "mid-engine" can mean the engine is placed anywhere in the car such that the centre of gravity of the engine lies between the front and rear axles, it is usually used for sports cars and racing cars where the engine is behind the passenger compartment. The motive output is then sent down a shaft to a differential in the centre of the car, which in the case of an M4 layout, distributes power to both front and rear axles.
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| - Motor central y tracción en las cuatro ruedas (es)
- Mid-engine, four-wheel-drive layout (en)
- ミッドエンジン・四輪駆動 (ja)
- Среднемоторная, полноприводная компоновка (ru)
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| - En el campo del diseño automovilístico, un vehículo con una configuración de motor central y tracción en las cuatro ruedas (C4), se caracteriza por tener el motor situado entre los dos ejes del vehículo y por disponer de cuatro ruedas motrices. (es)
- In automotive design, an M4, or Mid-engine, Four-wheel-drive layout places the internal combustion engine in the middle of the vehicle, between both axles and drives all four road wheels. It is a type of car powertrain layout. Although the term "mid-engine" can mean the engine is placed anywhere in the car such that the centre of gravity of the engine lies between the front and rear axles, it is usually used for sports cars and racing cars where the engine is behind the passenger compartment. The motive output is then sent down a shaft to a differential in the centre of the car, which in the case of an M4 layout, distributes power to both front and rear axles. (en)
- Среднемоторная, полноприводная компоновка (англ. mid-engine, four-wheel drive), сокращённо обозначаемая C4 (англ. M4) — разновидность компоновки автомобиля, при которой двигатель внутреннего сгорания располагается в (то есть внутри колёсной базы), а ведущими являются все четыре колеса. (ru)
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| - En el campo del diseño automovilístico, un vehículo con una configuración de motor central y tracción en las cuatro ruedas (C4), se caracteriza por tener el motor situado entre los dos ejes del vehículo y por disponer de cuatro ruedas motrices. Aunque el término "motor central" significa que el centro de gravedad del propulsor está ubicado entre el eje delantero y el eje trasero de un automóvil, por lo general se utiliza para denominar a los automóviles deportivos y de carreras en los que el motor está situado detrás del habitáculo. La potencia se envía luego a través de un eje a un diferencial ubicado en el centro del automóvil, que en el caso de un diseño C4, distribuye la potencia a los ejes delantero y trasero. (es)
- In automotive design, an M4, or Mid-engine, Four-wheel-drive layout places the internal combustion engine in the middle of the vehicle, between both axles and drives all four road wheels. It is a type of car powertrain layout. Although the term "mid-engine" can mean the engine is placed anywhere in the car such that the centre of gravity of the engine lies between the front and rear axles, it is usually used for sports cars and racing cars where the engine is behind the passenger compartment. The motive output is then sent down a shaft to a differential in the centre of the car, which in the case of an M4 layout, distributes power to both front and rear axles. The centre differential contained within many 4 wheel drive cars is similar to the conventional differential in a 2-wheel drive car. It allows torque to be distributed to both drive axles whilst allowing them to spin at different speeds, which vastly improves the cornering of a 4-wheel drive car on surfaces with high grip such as tarmac. However, unlike the differentials on the drive axles which are configured to provide torque equally to both wheels, the centre differential is usually set to have a bias to one set of drive wheels or the other, depending on application of the car. Some 4 wheel drive cars use a centre viscous coupling unit that will provide most power to the rear wheels unless the amount of torque being supplied to the rear wheels is in excess of the traction limits of the rear tyres, such as in a Lamborghini Murciélago. Others contain a computer that will decide how much power to distribute to any wheel at any time depending on the circumstances of each wheel. In general the M4 system is not widely used as it is suited toward sports cars and some off-road racing vehicles. (en)
- Среднемоторная, полноприводная компоновка (англ. mid-engine, four-wheel drive), сокращённо обозначаемая C4 (англ. M4) — разновидность компоновки автомобиля, при которой двигатель внутреннего сгорания располагается в (то есть внутри колёсной базы), а ведущими являются все четыре колеса. , как правило, обозначает такое размещение двигателя автомобиля, при котором центр тяжести двигателя размещается между передней и задней осями. В спортивных и гоночных автомобилях двигатель располагается, как правило, за задними пассажирскими сиденьями. Энергия подаётся на центральный дифференциал, который при полноприводной компоновке распределяет энергию между передней и задней осями автомобиля. Подобная компоновка является очень редкой в использовании. (ru)
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