Ngan Shing-kwan, CBE (Chinese: 顏成坤; 1900 or 1903 – 14 April 2001), born in Hong Kong, was a notable Hong Kong transport and later property tycoon that ran China Motor Bus. Ngan got his start running his uncle's rickshaw service during the 1920s in Kowloon. Such was Ngan's reputation in the rickshaw industry that according to one interview "[s]top any rickshaw puller on the street and he would nod knowingly at the nearest mention of Ngan Shing Kwan's [sic] name." This success within the rickshaw industry attracted the attention of the government and Ngan won the first exclusive licence to operate a bus service in Hong Kong in 1933.
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| - Ngan Shing-kwan (en)
- 顏成坤 (zh)
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| - Ngan Shing-kwan, CBE (Chinese: 顏成坤; 1900 or 1903 – 14 April 2001), born in Hong Kong, was a notable Hong Kong transport and later property tycoon that ran China Motor Bus. Ngan got his start running his uncle's rickshaw service during the 1920s in Kowloon. Such was Ngan's reputation in the rickshaw industry that according to one interview "[s]top any rickshaw puller on the street and he would nod knowingly at the nearest mention of Ngan Shing Kwan's [sic] name." This success within the rickshaw industry attracted the attention of the government and Ngan won the first exclusive licence to operate a bus service in Hong Kong in 1933. (en)
- 顏成坤，CBE，JP（英語：Ngan Shing-kwan，1900年12月18日－2001年4月14日），香港企業家和政治家，中華汽車有限公司（即中巴）創辦人，1933年6月至1998年8月擁有香港島的巴士專營權。此外，他於1951年獲香港政府委任為立法局非官守議員，其後於1959年至1961年任該局首席非官守議員，以及在1959年至1961年兼任行政局非官守議員。 顏成坤早年受教於皇仁書院和上海聖約翰大學，1920年接手家族的人力車業務。看好巴士業務前景的他隨後聯同商人於1923年成立中巴，是九龍地區第三家巴士公司。1933年奪得專營權後，中巴由九龍遷往港島，戰後業務在他主導下快速擴展，在20世紀八十年代高峰期的巴士路線超過100條，車隊數目過千，每年乘搭人次斷以億計，堪稱「中巴王國」。1981年，百利保集團企圖狙擊中巴股權，但最終為顏成坤所擊退。 (zh)
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| - Henry Ngan (en)
- Horace Ngan Kit-keung (en)
- Irene Ngan Kit-ling (en)
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| - Senior Unofficial Member of the Legislative Council (en)
- Chairman of China Motor Bus (en)
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| - Ngan Shing-kwan, CBE (Chinese: 顏成坤; 1900 or 1903 – 14 April 2001), born in Hong Kong, was a notable Hong Kong transport and later property tycoon that ran China Motor Bus. Ngan got his start running his uncle's rickshaw service during the 1920s in Kowloon. Such was Ngan's reputation in the rickshaw industry that according to one interview "[s]top any rickshaw puller on the street and he would nod knowingly at the nearest mention of Ngan Shing Kwan's [sic] name." This success within the rickshaw industry attracted the attention of the government and Ngan won the first exclusive licence to operate a bus service in Hong Kong in 1933. Ngan established himself on the Hong Kong business scene via a frugal attitude during the early days of China Motor Bus. The Company owned many strategic bus depots and properties, which were subsequently redeveloped for commercial, residential and industrial use at great profit. Ngan Shing-kwan thrived by sticking to two simple principles: devotion to the buses and counting the pennies. In fact, it was Ngan that was instrumental in bringing the iconic double-decker bus to Hong Kong. Ngan Shing-kwan remained Chairman of CMB until his death, when his daughter Irene, a director since 1968, became Chairman and Managing Director. His other children Henry (a medical doctor) and Horace served as directors. Horace acquired or claimed the English titles "Baron of Appleby" and "Viscount", both of unknown provenance. However, by the early 1990s and after Ngan Shing-kwan's retirement from day-to-day operations, the Company began to fall behind its competitors Citybus and Kowloon Motor Bus. Ngan Shing-kwan's children incorrectly wagered that frugal Hong Kong customers would not pay a premium for air conditioned buses. The Company's frugality, once a virtue, had now become a liability. Even though CMB was a Hong Kong Stock Exchange listed Company, annual general meetings were often held in a depot and once inside a hospital. Finally, in 1998, despite owning a fleet of more than 800 buses, having 2,400 employees and a turnover of HKD$800 million, the Hong Kong government pulled CMB's licence, citing poor performance. At the time CMB's licence was pulled just 20% of their fleet was air conditioned, versus their competitors which had approximately 80%. Ngan was a high profile member of Hong Kong's public sector. In addition to his role at China Motor Bus Co. Ltd, he was the first chairman of the Tung Wah Hospital's and the Po Leung Kuk (Society for the Protection of Women and Children). Ngan was also a member of Hong Kong's Legislative Council (1951–1961) and the Executive Council (1959–1961), until he was succeeded by Douglas Clague on 28 May 1961. In the New Year Honours 1961 Shing-kwan was appointed as a CBE for public services in Hong Kong. Ngan was also an influential figure within the Chiu Chow Chamber of Commerce since the 1930s and was known to be a devout Christian and trustee of Hop Yat Churches in Kowloon (since 1957), North Point (since 1984) and Ma On Shan (since 1997). He died in April 2001 at the age of 98 [sic] or 100/101 if his age on shipping manifests of 47 in 1947 and 50 in 1950 is correct. (en)
- 顏成坤，CBE，JP（英語：Ngan Shing-kwan，1900年12月18日－2001年4月14日），香港企業家和政治家，中華汽車有限公司（即中巴）創辦人，1933年6月至1998年8月擁有香港島的巴士專營權。此外，他於1951年獲香港政府委任為立法局非官守議員，其後於1959年至1961年任該局首席非官守議員，以及在1959年至1961年兼任行政局非官守議員。 顏成坤早年受教於皇仁書院和上海聖約翰大學，1920年接手家族的人力車業務。看好巴士業務前景的他隨後聯同商人於1923年成立中巴，是九龍地區第三家巴士公司。1933年奪得專營權後，中巴由九龍遷往港島，戰後業務在他主導下快速擴展，在20世紀八十年代高峰期的巴士路線超過100條，車隊數目過千，每年乘搭人次斷以億計，堪稱「中巴王國」。1981年，百利保集團企圖狙擊中巴股權，但最終為顏成坤所擊退。 在中巴業務以外，顏成坤熱心參與社會事務，他早於1931年至1932年當選為東華三院合併後的首任主席，其後又於1939年至1940年出任保良局主席。戰後，他於1946年獲委任為市政局非官守議員，1951年晉升為該局首席非官守議員，1953年因公務繁忙請辭。作為香港的潮州僑領，顏成坤在行政立法兩局任職期間還身兼多項公職，直到六十年代以後才淡出政壇。另一方面，熱衷於體育事工的他曾於二戰前後連任南華體育會主席和會長合共八屆，並且於1935年擔任中華民國第六屆全國運動會香港區代表總領隊，以及於1936年以中華民國國家足球隊教練身份前赴德國柏林參與第11屆奧林匹克運動會。 然而，踏入20世紀八十年代，顏成坤對中巴的家族式管治被指保守脫節，巴士服務水平下降和勞資糾紛等問題，更引起輿論批評，促使港府於1993年和1995年分別把26條和14條巴士路線交由城巴有限公司接辦，其後進一步於1998年2月宣佈終止中巴專營權，中巴的專利巴士服務遂於同年8月底告終，而新的專營權則由新世界第一巴士服務有限公司奪得。顏成坤雖然自1933年以來一直擔任中巴主席和監理，但由於年事已高、健康倒退，所以在九十年代中期已把業務交由子女打理。事實上，顏家手持不少車廠和員工宿舍土地，早已把目光投到地產發展，因此自專營權告終後，中巴實際上已經由一家巴士公司變成一家純以地產為核心業務的企業。 (zh)
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