Nuclear orientation, in nuclear physics, is the directional ordering of an assembly of nuclear spins with respect to some axis in space. It is one of the nuclear spectroscopy methods. A nuclear level with spin in a magnetic field will divide into magnetic sub-levels with an energy spacing.The populations of these levels are determined by the Boltzmann distribution at a steady temperature and will essentially be equal. The exponential in the Boltzmann distribution should not be equal to 1 to obtain unequal populations. To achieve this, cooling to a temperature of around 10 millikelvin is needed.Typically, this is achieved by implanting the nuclei of interest into ferromagnetic hosts.
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| - Nuclear orientation, in nuclear physics, is the directional ordering of an assembly of nuclear spins with respect to some axis in space. It is one of the nuclear spectroscopy methods. A nuclear level with spin in a magnetic field will divide into magnetic sub-levels with an energy spacing.The populations of these levels are determined by the Boltzmann distribution at a steady temperature and will essentially be equal. The exponential in the Boltzmann distribution should not be equal to 1 to obtain unequal populations. To achieve this, cooling to a temperature of around 10 millikelvin is needed.Typically, this is achieved by implanting the nuclei of interest into ferromagnetic hosts. (en)
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| - Nuclear orientation, in nuclear physics, is the directional ordering of an assembly of nuclear spins with respect to some axis in space. It is one of the nuclear spectroscopy methods. A nuclear level with spin in a magnetic field will divide into magnetic sub-levels with an energy spacing.The populations of these levels are determined by the Boltzmann distribution at a steady temperature and will essentially be equal. The exponential in the Boltzmann distribution should not be equal to 1 to obtain unequal populations. To achieve this, cooling to a temperature of around 10 millikelvin is needed.Typically, this is achieved by implanting the nuclei of interest into ferromagnetic hosts. In the mid-1940s, Yevgeny Zavoisky developed electron paramagnetic resonance, eventually leading to the concept of nuclear orientation.In the early 1950s, Neville Robinson, , and produced an example of nuclear orientation for the first time at the Clarendon Laboratory, University of Oxford.There is now a Nuclear Orientation Group at Oxford. (en)
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